TY - JOUR
T1 - Ultrafine particles, particle components and lung function at age 16 years
T2 - The PIAMA birth cohort study
AU - Yu, Zhebin
AU - Koppelman, Gerard H.
AU - Hoek, Gerard
AU - Kerckhoffs, Jules
AU - Vonk, Judith M.
AU - Vermeulen, Roel
AU - Gehring, Ulrike
N1 - Funding Information:
The modeling of UFP concentrations was supported by an ASPASIA grant from the Dutch Research Council (NWO) to Dr. Ulrike Gehring (project number 015.010.044), the Environmental Defense Fund, EXPOSOME-NL (NWO grant number 024.004.017) and EXPANSE (EU-H2020 Grant number 874627). The PIAMA study was supported by The Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development; The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research; Lung Foundation Netherlands (formerly The Netherlands Asthma Fund); The Netherlands Ministry of Spatial Planning, Housing, and the Environment; The Netherlands Ministry of Health, Welfare, and Sport; and the National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM). Zhebin Yu is supported by the Chinese Scholarship Council.
Funding Information:
The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: GHK reports grants from the Lung Foundation of the Netherlands, for the current work. He reports grants from Ubbo Emmius Foundation, grants from TETRI Foundation, grants from GSK, grants from European Union, Marie Sklodowska-Curie program, grants from Vertex, grants from TEVA the Netherlands. He reports personal fees from advisory board meetings from GSK, and PURE IMS, outside the submitted work (money to institution). The rest of the authors declare that they have no relevant conflict of interests.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Authors
PY - 2021/12
Y1 - 2021/12
N2 - Background: Particulate matter (PM) air pollution exposure has been linked to lung function in adolescents, but little is known about the relevance of specific PM components and ultrafine particles (UFP). Objectives: To investigate the associations of long-term exposure to PM elemental composition and UFP with lung function at age 16 years. Methods: For 706 participants of a prospective Dutch birth cohort, we assessed associations of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) at age 16 with average exposure to eight elemental components (copper, iron, potassium, nickel, sulfur, silicon, vanadium and zinc) in PM2.5 and PM10, as well as UFP during the preceding years (age 13–16 years) estimated by land-use regression models. After assessing associations for each pollutant individually using linear regression models with adjustment for potential confounders, independence of associations with different pollutants was assessed in two-pollutant models with PM mass and NO2, for which associations with lung function have been reported previously. Results: We observed that for most PM elemental components higher exposure was associated with lower FEV1, especially PM10 sulfur [e.g. adjusted difference −2.23% (95% confidence interval (CI) −3.70 to −0.74%) per interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM10 sulfur]. The association with PM10 sulfur remained after adjusting for PM10 mass. Negative associations of exposure to UFP with both FEV1 and FVC were observed [-1.06% (95% CI: −2.08 to −0.03%) and −0.65% (95% CI: −1.53 to 0.23%), respectively per IQR increase in UFP], but did not persist in two-pollutant models with NO2 or PM2.5. Conclusions: Long-term exposure to sulfur in PM10 may result in lower FEV1 at age 16. There is no evidence for an independent effect of UFP exposure.
AB - Background: Particulate matter (PM) air pollution exposure has been linked to lung function in adolescents, but little is known about the relevance of specific PM components and ultrafine particles (UFP). Objectives: To investigate the associations of long-term exposure to PM elemental composition and UFP with lung function at age 16 years. Methods: For 706 participants of a prospective Dutch birth cohort, we assessed associations of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) at age 16 with average exposure to eight elemental components (copper, iron, potassium, nickel, sulfur, silicon, vanadium and zinc) in PM2.5 and PM10, as well as UFP during the preceding years (age 13–16 years) estimated by land-use regression models. After assessing associations for each pollutant individually using linear regression models with adjustment for potential confounders, independence of associations with different pollutants was assessed in two-pollutant models with PM mass and NO2, for which associations with lung function have been reported previously. Results: We observed that for most PM elemental components higher exposure was associated with lower FEV1, especially PM10 sulfur [e.g. adjusted difference −2.23% (95% confidence interval (CI) −3.70 to −0.74%) per interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM10 sulfur]. The association with PM10 sulfur remained after adjusting for PM10 mass. Negative associations of exposure to UFP with both FEV1 and FVC were observed [-1.06% (95% CI: −2.08 to −0.03%) and −0.65% (95% CI: −1.53 to 0.23%), respectively per IQR increase in UFP], but did not persist in two-pollutant models with NO2 or PM2.5. Conclusions: Long-term exposure to sulfur in PM10 may result in lower FEV1 at age 16. There is no evidence for an independent effect of UFP exposure.
KW - Adolescent
KW - Air Pollutants/analysis
KW - Air Pollution
KW - Cohort Studies
KW - Environmental Exposure/analysis
KW - Humans
KW - Lung/chemistry
KW - Particulate Matter
KW - Prospective Studies
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85113678927&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106792
DO - 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106792
M3 - Article
C2 - 34388675
AN - SCOPUS:85113678927
SN - 0160-4120
VL - 157
JO - Environment International
JF - Environment International
M1 - 106792
ER -