Two cosmoses, one universe: a narrative review exploring the gut microbiome's role in the effect of urban risk factors on vascular ageing

Lara Anne Bridge, Juliana Alexandra Hernández Vargas, Silvia Juliana Trujillo-Cáceres, Sara Beigrezaei, Angeline Chatelan, Amin Salehi-Abargouei, Taulant Muka, Julieth Pilar Uriza-Pinzón, Hamidreza Raeisi-Dehkordi, Oscar H Franco, Gianfranco Grompone, Vicente Artola Arita*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

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Abstract

In the face of rising global urbanisation, understanding how the associated environment and lifestyle impact public health is a cornerstone for prevention, research, and clinical practice. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with urban risk factors contributing greatly to its burden. The current narrative review adopts an exposome approach to explore the effect of urban-associated physical-chemical factors (such as air pollution) and lifestyle on cardiovascular health and ageing. In addition, we provide new insights into how these urban-related factors alter the gut microbiome, which has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. We focus on vascular ageing, before disease onset, to promote preventative research and practice. We also discuss how urban ecosystems and social factors may interact with these pathways and provide suggestions for future research, precision prevention and management of vascular ageing. Most importantly, future research and decision-making would benefit from adopting an exposome approach and acknowledging the diverse and boundless universe of the microbiome.

Original languageEnglish
Article number107951
JournalMaturitas
Volume184
Early online date28 Feb 2024
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Jun 2024

Keywords

  • Ambient air pollution
  • Cardiovascular health
  • Diet
  • Exposome
  • Gut microbiome
  • Lifestyles
  • Particulate matter
  • Physical activity
  • Urbanisation
  • Vascular ageing

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