TY - JOUR
T1 - Trends in body mass index in the pre-dolutegravir period in South Africa
AU - Ginkel, Florian van
AU - Barth, Roos
AU - Tempelman, Hugo
AU - Klipstein-Grobusch, Kerstin
AU - Grobbee, Diederick
AU - Scheuermaier, Karine
AU - Venter, Francois
AU - Vos-Seda, Alinda
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 AOSIS (pty) Ltd. All rights reserved.
PY - 2024/4/23
Y1 - 2024/4/23
N2 - Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is associated with weight gain, but this has been shown to be more marked with dolutegravir and other integrase strand transfer inhibitors. Objectives: We studied weight gain in people living with HIV (PLWH) on ART compared to the general population in the period before dolutegravir was introduced in a rural South African cohort. Method: Longitudinal analysis of the Ndlovu Cohort Study including 36–48 months’ followup data. From 2014 to 2019, data were collected annually in Limpopo, rural South Africa. Linear mixed models using HIV status, demographics, ART use and cardiovascular risk factors were used to estimate trends in body mass index (BMI) over time. Results: In total, 1518 adult, non-pregnant participants were included, of whom 518 were PLWH on ART (79.8%), 135 PLWH not yet on ART (20.2%) and 865 HIV-negative. HIV-negative participants had significantly higher BMIs than PLWH on ART at all study visits. There was a significant increase in BMI in all subgroups after 36 months (PLWH on ART, BMI +1.2 kg/m2, P < 0.001; PLWH not on ART, BMI +1.8 kg/m2, P < 0.001 and HIV-negative, BMI +1.3 kg/m2, P < 0.001). Conclusion: The increase in BMI in PLWH and HIV-negative participants is a serious warning signal as obesity results in morbidity and mortality.
AB - Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is associated with weight gain, but this has been shown to be more marked with dolutegravir and other integrase strand transfer inhibitors. Objectives: We studied weight gain in people living with HIV (PLWH) on ART compared to the general population in the period before dolutegravir was introduced in a rural South African cohort. Method: Longitudinal analysis of the Ndlovu Cohort Study including 36–48 months’ followup data. From 2014 to 2019, data were collected annually in Limpopo, rural South Africa. Linear mixed models using HIV status, demographics, ART use and cardiovascular risk factors were used to estimate trends in body mass index (BMI) over time. Results: In total, 1518 adult, non-pregnant participants were included, of whom 518 were PLWH on ART (79.8%), 135 PLWH not yet on ART (20.2%) and 865 HIV-negative. HIV-negative participants had significantly higher BMIs than PLWH on ART at all study visits. There was a significant increase in BMI in all subgroups after 36 months (PLWH on ART, BMI +1.2 kg/m2, P < 0.001; PLWH not on ART, BMI +1.8 kg/m2, P < 0.001 and HIV-negative, BMI +1.3 kg/m2, P < 0.001). Conclusion: The increase in BMI in PLWH and HIV-negative participants is a serious warning signal as obesity results in morbidity and mortality.
KW - HIV
KW - antiretroviral therapy
KW - body mass index
KW - integrase strand transfer inhibitors
KW - obesity
KW - sub-Saharan Africa
U2 - 10.4102/sajhivmed.v25i1.1523
DO - 10.4102/sajhivmed.v25i1.1523
M3 - Article
SN - 1608-9693
VL - 25
SP - 1
EP - 12
JO - Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine
JF - Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine
IS - 1
ER -