TY - JOUR
T1 - The Role of Childhood Trauma in Affective Stress Recovery in Early Psychosis
T2 - An Experience Sampling Study
AU - Ader, Leonie
AU - Schick, Anita
AU - Vaessen, Thomas
AU - Morgan, Craig
AU - Kempton, Matthew J.
AU - Valmaggia, Lucia
AU - McGuire, Philip
AU - Myin-Germeys, Inez
AU - Lafit, Ginette
AU - Reininghaus, Ulrich
AU - Alizadeh, Behrooz Z.
AU - van Amelsvoort, Therese
AU - Cahn, Wiepke
AU - de Haan, Lieuwe
AU - Schirmbeck, Frederike
AU - Simons, Claudia J.P.
AU - van Os, Jim
AU - Veling, Wim
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2024.
PY - 2024/7/1
Y1 - 2024/7/1
N2 - Background and Hypotheses: Affective recovery, operationalized as the time needed for affect to return to baseline levels after daily stressors, may be a putative momentary representation of resilience. This study aimed to investigate affective recovery in positive and negative affect across subclinical and clinical stages of psychosis and whether this is associated with exposure to childhood trauma (sexual, physical, and emotional abuse). Study Design: We used survival analysis to predict the time-to-recovery from a daily event-related stressor in a pooled sample of 3 previously conducted experience sampling studies including 113 individuals with first-episode psychosis, 162 at-risk individuals, and 94 controls. Study Results: Negative affective recovery (ie, return to baseline following an increase in negative affect) was longer in individuals with first-episode psychosis compared with controls (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.71, 95% confidence interval [CI; 1.03, 2.61], P = .04) and in at-risk individuals exposed to high vs low levels of emotional abuse (HR = 1.31, 95% CI [1.06, 1.62], P = .01). Positive affective recovery (ie, return to baseline following a decrease in positive affect) did not differ between groups and was not associated with childhood trauma. Conclusions: Our results give first indications that negative affective recovery may be a putative momentary representation of resilience across stages of psychosis and may be amplified in at-risk individuals with prior experiences of emotional abuse. Understanding how affective recovery contributes to the development of psychosis may help identify new targets for prevention and intervention to buffer risk or foster resilience in daily life.
AB - Background and Hypotheses: Affective recovery, operationalized as the time needed for affect to return to baseline levels after daily stressors, may be a putative momentary representation of resilience. This study aimed to investigate affective recovery in positive and negative affect across subclinical and clinical stages of psychosis and whether this is associated with exposure to childhood trauma (sexual, physical, and emotional abuse). Study Design: We used survival analysis to predict the time-to-recovery from a daily event-related stressor in a pooled sample of 3 previously conducted experience sampling studies including 113 individuals with first-episode psychosis, 162 at-risk individuals, and 94 controls. Study Results: Negative affective recovery (ie, return to baseline following an increase in negative affect) was longer in individuals with first-episode psychosis compared with controls (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.71, 95% confidence interval [CI; 1.03, 2.61], P = .04) and in at-risk individuals exposed to high vs low levels of emotional abuse (HR = 1.31, 95% CI [1.06, 1.62], P = .01). Positive affective recovery (ie, return to baseline following a decrease in positive affect) did not differ between groups and was not associated with childhood trauma. Conclusions: Our results give first indications that negative affective recovery may be a putative momentary representation of resilience across stages of psychosis and may be amplified in at-risk individuals with prior experiences of emotional abuse. Understanding how affective recovery contributes to the development of psychosis may help identify new targets for prevention and intervention to buffer risk or foster resilience in daily life.
KW - at-risk mental state
KW - clinical staging
KW - ecological momentary assessment (EMA)
KW - experience sampling methodology (ESM)
KW - mental health
KW - stress reactivity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85188806956&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/schbul/sbae004
DO - 10.1093/schbul/sbae004
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85188806956
SN - 0586-7614
VL - 50
SP - 891
EP - 902
JO - Schizophrenia bulletin
JF - Schizophrenia bulletin
IS - 4
ER -