TY - JOUR
T1 - The effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy on neonatal outcomes
AU - Huiberts, Anne J
AU - Oosting, Ilse J
AU - de Melker, Hester
AU - van de Wijgert, Janneke H H M
AU - Grobbee, Diederick E
AU - van den Hof, Susan
AU - Knol, Mirjam
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press.
PY - 2025
Y1 - 2025
N2 - This study explored the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy on neonatal outcomes among women from the general Dutch population. VASCO is an ongoing prospective cohort study aimed at assessing vaccine effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination. Pregnancy status was reported at baseline and through regular follow-up questionnaires. As an extension to the main study, all female participants who reported to have been pregnant between enrolment (May-December 2021) and January 2023 were requested to complete an additional questionnaire on neonatal outcomes. Multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses were used to determine the associations between self-reported SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy and neonatal outcomes, adjusted for age, educational level, and presence of a medical risk condition. Infection analyses were additionally adjusted for COVID-19 vaccination before and during pregnancy, and vaccination analyses for SARS-CoV-2 infection before and during pregnancy. Of 312 eligible participants, 232 (74%) completed the questionnaire. In total, 196 COVID-19 vaccinations and 115 SARS-CoV-2 infections during pregnancy were reported. Infections were mostly first infections (86; 75%), caused by the Omicron variant (95; 83%), in women who had received ≥1 vaccination prior to infection (101; 88%). SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy was not significantly associated with gestational age (β = 1.7; 95%CI: -1.6-5.0), birth weight (β = 82; -59 to 223), Apgar score <9 (odds ratio (OR): 1.3; 0.6-2.9), postpartum hospital stay (OR: 1.0; 0.6-1.8), or neonatal intensive care unit admission (OR: 0.8; 0.2-3.2). COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy was not significantly associated with gestational age (β = -0.4; -4.0 to 3.2), birth weight (β = 88; -64 to 240), Apgar score <9 (OR: 0.9; 0.4-2.3), postpartum hospital stay (OR: 0.9; 0.5-1.7), or neonatal intensive care unit admission (OR: 1.6; 0.4-8.6). In conclusion, this study did not find an effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy on any of the studied neonatal outcomes among a general Dutch, largely vaccinated, population. Together with data from other studies, this supports the safety of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy.
AB - This study explored the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy on neonatal outcomes among women from the general Dutch population. VASCO is an ongoing prospective cohort study aimed at assessing vaccine effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination. Pregnancy status was reported at baseline and through regular follow-up questionnaires. As an extension to the main study, all female participants who reported to have been pregnant between enrolment (May-December 2021) and January 2023 were requested to complete an additional questionnaire on neonatal outcomes. Multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses were used to determine the associations between self-reported SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy and neonatal outcomes, adjusted for age, educational level, and presence of a medical risk condition. Infection analyses were additionally adjusted for COVID-19 vaccination before and during pregnancy, and vaccination analyses for SARS-CoV-2 infection before and during pregnancy. Of 312 eligible participants, 232 (74%) completed the questionnaire. In total, 196 COVID-19 vaccinations and 115 SARS-CoV-2 infections during pregnancy were reported. Infections were mostly first infections (86; 75%), caused by the Omicron variant (95; 83%), in women who had received ≥1 vaccination prior to infection (101; 88%). SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy was not significantly associated with gestational age (β = 1.7; 95%CI: -1.6-5.0), birth weight (β = 82; -59 to 223), Apgar score <9 (odds ratio (OR): 1.3; 0.6-2.9), postpartum hospital stay (OR: 1.0; 0.6-1.8), or neonatal intensive care unit admission (OR: 0.8; 0.2-3.2). COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy was not significantly associated with gestational age (β = -0.4; -4.0 to 3.2), birth weight (β = 88; -64 to 240), Apgar score <9 (OR: 0.9; 0.4-2.3), postpartum hospital stay (OR: 0.9; 0.5-1.7), or neonatal intensive care unit admission (OR: 1.6; 0.4-8.6). In conclusion, this study did not find an effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy on any of the studied neonatal outcomes among a general Dutch, largely vaccinated, population. Together with data from other studies, this supports the safety of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy.
KW - COVID-19
KW - SARS-CoV-2
KW - neonatal outcomes
KW - pregnancy
KW - vaccination
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85213011593&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1017/S0950268824001766
DO - 10.1017/S0950268824001766
M3 - Article
C2 - 39676571
SN - 0950-2688
VL - 153
JO - Epidemiology and Infection
JF - Epidemiology and Infection
M1 - e5
ER -