Streptococcus pyogenes emm Type 3.93 Emergence, the Netherlands and England

Matthew A. Davies; Brechje de Gier; Rebecca L. Guy; Juliana Coelho; Alje P. van Dam; Robin van Houdt; Sébastien Matamoros; Marit van den Berg; Patrick E. Habermehl; Kartyk Moganeradj; Yan Ryan; Steve Platt; Henry Hearn; Eleanor Blakey; Darren Chooneea; Bart J.M. Vlaminckx; Theresa Lamagni; Nina M. van Sorge

doi:10.3201/eid3102.240880

Streptococcus pyogenes emm Type 3.93 Emergence, the Netherlands and England

Matthew A. Davies, Brechje de Gier, Rebecca L. Guy, Juliana Coelho, Alje P. van Dam, Robin van Houdt, Sébastien Matamoros, Marit van den Berg, Patrick E. Habermehl, Kartyk Moganeradj, Yan Ryan, Steve Platt, Henry Hearn, Eleanor Blakey, Darren Chooneea, Bart J.M. Vlaminckx, Theresa Lamagni, Nina M. van Sorge^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

A global increase in the incidence of invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) infections was observed after lifting of COVID-19 related restrictions in 2022, and type M1_UK dominated in many countries. After seasonal declines in iGAS incidence during the summer of 2023, simultaneous, rapid expansion of a previously rare emm type 3.93 was seen beginning in November, increasing to 20% of all cases in England and 60% of all cases in the Netherlands within 4 months. emm3.93 was associated with iGAS in children 6–17 years of age and with increased risk for pneumonia or pleural empyema and meningitis in both countries. No excess risk of death was identified for emm3.93 compared with other types. Genomic analysis of historic and contemporary emm3.93 isolates revealed the emergence of 3 new clades with a potentially advantageous genomic configuration. Our findings demonstrate the value of molecular surveillance, including long-read sequencing, in identifying clinical and public health threats.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	228-236
Number of pages	9
Journal	Emerging infectious diseases
Volume	31
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3102.240880
Publication status	Published - Feb 2025

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Davies, M. A., de Gier, B., Guy, R. L., Coelho, J., van Dam, A. P., van Houdt, R., Matamoros, S., van den Berg, M., Habermehl, P. E., Moganeradj, K., Ryan, Y., Platt, S., Hearn, H., Blakey, E., Chooneea, D., Vlaminckx, B. J. M., Lamagni, T., & van Sorge, N. M. (2025). Streptococcus pyogenes emm Type 3.93 Emergence, the Netherlands and England. Emerging infectious diseases, 31(2), 228-236. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3102.240880

@article{d098949178e64bf5875418530735aea5,

title = "Streptococcus pyogenes emm Type 3.93 Emergence, the Netherlands and England",

abstract = "A global increase in the incidence of invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) infections was observed after lifting of COVID-19 related restrictions in 2022, and type M1UK dominated in many countries. After seasonal declines in iGAS incidence during the summer of 2023, simultaneous, rapid expansion of a previously rare emm type 3.93 was seen beginning in November, increasing to 20% of all cases in England and 60% of all cases in the Netherlands within 4 months. emm3.93 was associated with iGAS in children 6–17 years of age and with increased risk for pneumonia or pleural empyema and meningitis in both countries. No excess risk of death was identified for emm3.93 compared with other types. Genomic analysis of historic and contemporary emm3.93 isolates revealed the emergence of 3 new clades with a potentially advantageous genomic configuration. Our findings demonstrate the value of molecular surveillance, including long-read sequencing, in identifying clinical and public health threats.",

author = "Davies, {Matthew A.} and {de Gier}, Brechje and Guy, {Rebecca L.} and Juliana Coelho and {van Dam}, {Alje P.} and {van Houdt}, Robin and S{\'e}bastien Matamoros and {van den Berg}, Marit and Habermehl, {Patrick E.} and Kartyk Moganeradj and Yan Ryan and Steve Platt and Henry Hearn and Eleanor Blakey and Darren Chooneea and Vlaminckx, {Bart J.M.} and Theresa Lamagni and {van Sorge}, {Nina M.}",

year = "2025",

month = feb,

doi = "10.3201/eid3102.240880",

language = "English",

volume = "31",

pages = "228--236",

journal = "Emerging infectious diseases",

issn = "1080-6040",

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}

Davies, MA, de Gier, B, Guy, RL, Coelho, J, van Dam, AP, van Houdt, R, Matamoros, S, van den Berg, M, Habermehl, PE, Moganeradj, K, Ryan, Y, Platt, S, Hearn, H, Blakey, E, Chooneea, D, Vlaminckx, BJM, Lamagni, T & van Sorge, NM 2025, 'Streptococcus pyogenes emm Type 3.93 Emergence, the Netherlands and England', Emerging infectious diseases, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 228-236. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3102.240880

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T1 - Streptococcus pyogenes emm Type 3.93 Emergence, the Netherlands and England

AU - Davies, Matthew A.

AU - de Gier, Brechje

AU - Guy, Rebecca L.

AU - Coelho, Juliana

AU - van Dam, Alje P.

AU - van Houdt, Robin

AU - Matamoros, Sébastien

AU - van den Berg, Marit

AU - Habermehl, Patrick E.

AU - Moganeradj, Kartyk

AU - Ryan, Yan

AU - Platt, Steve

AU - Hearn, Henry

AU - Blakey, Eleanor

AU - Chooneea, Darren

AU - Vlaminckx, Bart J.M.

AU - Lamagni, Theresa

AU - van Sorge, Nina M.

PY - 2025/2

Y1 - 2025/2

N2 - A global increase in the incidence of invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) infections was observed after lifting of COVID-19 related restrictions in 2022, and type M1UK dominated in many countries. After seasonal declines in iGAS incidence during the summer of 2023, simultaneous, rapid expansion of a previously rare emm type 3.93 was seen beginning in November, increasing to 20% of all cases in England and 60% of all cases in the Netherlands within 4 months. emm3.93 was associated with iGAS in children 6–17 years of age and with increased risk for pneumonia or pleural empyema and meningitis in both countries. No excess risk of death was identified for emm3.93 compared with other types. Genomic analysis of historic and contemporary emm3.93 isolates revealed the emergence of 3 new clades with a potentially advantageous genomic configuration. Our findings demonstrate the value of molecular surveillance, including long-read sequencing, in identifying clinical and public health threats.

AB - A global increase in the incidence of invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) infections was observed after lifting of COVID-19 related restrictions in 2022, and type M1UK dominated in many countries. After seasonal declines in iGAS incidence during the summer of 2023, simultaneous, rapid expansion of a previously rare emm type 3.93 was seen beginning in November, increasing to 20% of all cases in England and 60% of all cases in the Netherlands within 4 months. emm3.93 was associated with iGAS in children 6–17 years of age and with increased risk for pneumonia or pleural empyema and meningitis in both countries. No excess risk of death was identified for emm3.93 compared with other types. Genomic analysis of historic and contemporary emm3.93 isolates revealed the emergence of 3 new clades with a potentially advantageous genomic configuration. Our findings demonstrate the value of molecular surveillance, including long-read sequencing, in identifying clinical and public health threats.

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VL - 31

SP - 228

EP - 236

JO - Emerging infectious diseases

JF - Emerging infectious diseases

IS - 2

ER -

Streptococcus pyogenes emm Type 3.93 Emergence, the Netherlands and England

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