TY - JOUR
T1 - Social media and social functioning in psychosis
T2 - A systematic review
AU - Bjornestad, Jone
AU - Hegelstad, Wenche Ten Velden
AU - Berg, Henrik
AU - Davidson, Larry
AU - Joa, Inge
AU - Johannessen, Jan Olav
AU - Melle, Ingrid
AU - Stain, Helen J.
AU - Pallesen, Ståle
N1 - Funding Information:
A special thanks to the staff at the Medical Library of Stavanger University Hospital for assistance with the literature search.
Publisher Copyright:
©Jone Bjornestad, Wenche Ten Velden Hegelstad, Henrik Berg, Larry Davidson, Inge Joa, Jan Olav Johannessen, Ingrid Melle, Helen J Stain, Ståle Pallesen.
PY - 2019/6/1
Y1 - 2019/6/1
N2 - BACKGROUND: Individuals with psychosis are heavy consumers of social media. It is unknown to what degree measures of social functioning include measures of online social activity.OBJECTIVE: To examine the inclusion of social media activity in measures of social functioning in psychosis and ultrahigh risk (UHR) for psychosis.METHODS: Two independent authors conducted a search using the following electronic databases: Epistemonikos, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO. The included articles were required to meet all of the following criteria: (1) an empirical study published in the English language in a peer-reviewed journal; (2) the study included a measure of objective or subjective offline (ie, non-Web-mediated contact) and/or online social functioning (ie, Web-mediated contact); (3) the social functioning measure had to be used in samples meeting criteria (ie, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders or International Classification of Diseases) for a psychotic disorder or UHR for psychosis; and (4) the study was published between January 2004 and February 2019. Facebook was launched as the first large-scale social media platform in 2004 and, therefore, it is highly improbable that studies conducted prior to 2004 would have included measures of social media activity.RESULTS: The electronic search resulted in 11,844 distinct articles. Full-text evaluation was conducted on 719 articles, of which 597 articles met inclusion criteria. A total of 58 social functioning measures were identified. With some exceptions, reports on reliability and validity were scarce, and only one measure integrated social media social activity.CONCLUSIONS: The ecological validity of social functioning measures is challenged by the lack of assessment of social media activity, as it fails to reflect an important aspect of the current social reality of persons with psychosis. Measures should be revised to include social media activity and thus avoid the clinical consequences of inadequate assessment of social functioning.TRIAL REGISTRATION: International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42017058514; http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?ID=CRD42017058514.
AB - BACKGROUND: Individuals with psychosis are heavy consumers of social media. It is unknown to what degree measures of social functioning include measures of online social activity.OBJECTIVE: To examine the inclusion of social media activity in measures of social functioning in psychosis and ultrahigh risk (UHR) for psychosis.METHODS: Two independent authors conducted a search using the following electronic databases: Epistemonikos, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO. The included articles were required to meet all of the following criteria: (1) an empirical study published in the English language in a peer-reviewed journal; (2) the study included a measure of objective or subjective offline (ie, non-Web-mediated contact) and/or online social functioning (ie, Web-mediated contact); (3) the social functioning measure had to be used in samples meeting criteria (ie, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders or International Classification of Diseases) for a psychotic disorder or UHR for psychosis; and (4) the study was published between January 2004 and February 2019. Facebook was launched as the first large-scale social media platform in 2004 and, therefore, it is highly improbable that studies conducted prior to 2004 would have included measures of social media activity.RESULTS: The electronic search resulted in 11,844 distinct articles. Full-text evaluation was conducted on 719 articles, of which 597 articles met inclusion criteria. A total of 58 social functioning measures were identified. With some exceptions, reports on reliability and validity were scarce, and only one measure integrated social media social activity.CONCLUSIONS: The ecological validity of social functioning measures is challenged by the lack of assessment of social media activity, as it fails to reflect an important aspect of the current social reality of persons with psychosis. Measures should be revised to include social media activity and thus avoid the clinical consequences of inadequate assessment of social functioning.TRIAL REGISTRATION: International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42017058514; http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?ID=CRD42017058514.
KW - Assessment
KW - Measures
KW - Psychosis
KW - Schizophrenia
KW - Social functioning
KW - Social media
KW - Systematic review
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85068988825&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2196/13957
DO - 10.2196/13957
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31254338
AN - SCOPUS:85068988825
SN - 1438-8871
VL - 21
JO - Journal of Medical Internet Research
JF - Journal of Medical Internet Research
IS - 6
M1 - e13957
ER -