TY - JOUR
T1 - Sleep assessment in critically ill adults
T2 - A systematic review and meta-analysis
AU - Kakar, Ellaha
AU - Priester, Matthijs
AU - Wessels, Pascale
AU - Slooter, Arjen J C
AU - Louter, M
AU - van der Jagt, M
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank W. Bramer, biomedical information specialist at the Medical Library of the Erasmus University Medical Center, for developing and updating the search strategies for this review. Author contribution: Each author certifies that he has made a direct and substantial contribution to the work reported in the manuscript. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors
PY - 2022/10
Y1 - 2022/10
N2 - Purpose: To systematically review sleep evaluation, characterize sleep disruption, and explore effects of sleepdisruption on outcomes in adult ICU patients. Materials and methods: We systematically searched databases from May 1969 to June 2021 (PROSPERO protocol number: CRD42020175581). Prospective and retrospective studies were included studying sleep in critically ill adults, excluding patients with sleep or psychiatric disorders. Meta-regression methods were applied when feasible. Results: 132 studies (8797 patients) were included. Fifteen sleep assessment methods were identified, with only two validated. Patients had significant sleep disruption, with low sleep time, and low proportion of restorative rapid eye movement (REM). Sedation was associated with higher sleep efficiency and sleep time. Surgical versus medical patients had lower sleep quality. Patients on ventilation had a higher amount of light sleep. Meta-regression only suggested an association between total sleep time and occurrence of delirium (p < 0.001, 15 studies, 519 patients). Scarce data precluded further analyses. Sleep characterized with polysomnography (PSG) correlated well with actigraphy and Richards Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ). Conclusions: Sleep in critically ill patients is severely disturbed, and actigraphy and RCSQ seem reliable alternatives to PSG. Future studies should evaluate impact of sleep disruption on outcomes.
AB - Purpose: To systematically review sleep evaluation, characterize sleep disruption, and explore effects of sleepdisruption on outcomes in adult ICU patients. Materials and methods: We systematically searched databases from May 1969 to June 2021 (PROSPERO protocol number: CRD42020175581). Prospective and retrospective studies were included studying sleep in critically ill adults, excluding patients with sleep or psychiatric disorders. Meta-regression methods were applied when feasible. Results: 132 studies (8797 patients) were included. Fifteen sleep assessment methods were identified, with only two validated. Patients had significant sleep disruption, with low sleep time, and low proportion of restorative rapid eye movement (REM). Sedation was associated with higher sleep efficiency and sleep time. Surgical versus medical patients had lower sleep quality. Patients on ventilation had a higher amount of light sleep. Meta-regression only suggested an association between total sleep time and occurrence of delirium (p < 0.001, 15 studies, 519 patients). Scarce data precluded further analyses. Sleep characterized with polysomnography (PSG) correlated well with actigraphy and Richards Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ). Conclusions: Sleep in critically ill patients is severely disturbed, and actigraphy and RCSQ seem reliable alternatives to PSG. Future studies should evaluate impact of sleep disruption on outcomes.
KW - Critical care
KW - Intensive care unit
KW - Sleep
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85134212814&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jcrc.2022.154102
DO - 10.1016/j.jcrc.2022.154102
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35849874
SN - 0883-9441
VL - 71
JO - Journal of Critical Care
JF - Journal of Critical Care
M1 - 154102
ER -