TY - JOUR
T1 - Sensory alterations and immunological changes during the chronification of postsurgical pain
T2 - a study protocol for a prospective observational cohort study
AU - van Driel, Marjelle E C
AU - van Veenendaal, Nadine
AU - Vernooij, Lisette Margaretha
AU - Eijkelkamp, Niels
AU - Koenderman, Leo
AU - Timmerman, L
AU - Custers, Roel J H
AU - Delawi, Diyar
AU - Huygen, Frank J P M
AU - Rijsdijk, M
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2025.
PY - 2025/1/7
Y1 - 2025/1/7
N2 - INTRODUCTION: Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) represents a widely underdiagnosed and often poorly treated medical problem, affecting 10-50% of all surgical patients, exhibiting neuropathic features in 35-60%. It is hypothesised that surgery-induced tissue damage and the subsequent immune response cause sensory alterations in the early postoperative period, ultimately leading to a chronic neuropathic or nociplastic pain state. The 'Sensory Changes and Immunological parameters in Postsurgical pain' study (SCIP-Pain study) was designed to test this hypothesis and identify sensory alterations and changes in the immunological response that are related to the development of CPSP with neuropathic features.METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This protocol describes the SCIP-Pain study-an ongoing prospective observational cohort study involving 150 adult patients undergoing elective lower extremity orthopaedic surgery. Study participants complete questionnaires, undergo quantitative sensory testing (QST) and provide blood samples to assess the immunological response at various time points: before surgery, 2 weeks and 3 months after surgery. To reduce dimensionality, cluster analyses will be conducted on QST and immunological parameters. Cluster allocation, along with other preselected candidate predictors, will subsequently be used in a generalised mixed-effects model to predict CPSP with neuropathic features within 3 months after surgery as the primary outcome.ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study received approval from the Medical Ethics Committee NedMec (protocol NL77085.041.21), as well as from all participating centres. The study results are expected to be published in peer-reviewed journals and disseminated at international conferences.
AB - INTRODUCTION: Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) represents a widely underdiagnosed and often poorly treated medical problem, affecting 10-50% of all surgical patients, exhibiting neuropathic features in 35-60%. It is hypothesised that surgery-induced tissue damage and the subsequent immune response cause sensory alterations in the early postoperative period, ultimately leading to a chronic neuropathic or nociplastic pain state. The 'Sensory Changes and Immunological parameters in Postsurgical pain' study (SCIP-Pain study) was designed to test this hypothesis and identify sensory alterations and changes in the immunological response that are related to the development of CPSP with neuropathic features.METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This protocol describes the SCIP-Pain study-an ongoing prospective observational cohort study involving 150 adult patients undergoing elective lower extremity orthopaedic surgery. Study participants complete questionnaires, undergo quantitative sensory testing (QST) and provide blood samples to assess the immunological response at various time points: before surgery, 2 weeks and 3 months after surgery. To reduce dimensionality, cluster analyses will be conducted on QST and immunological parameters. Cluster allocation, along with other preselected candidate predictors, will subsequently be used in a generalised mixed-effects model to predict CPSP with neuropathic features within 3 months after surgery as the primary outcome.ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study received approval from the Medical Ethics Committee NedMec (protocol NL77085.041.21), as well as from all participating centres. The study results are expected to be published in peer-reviewed journals and disseminated at international conferences.
KW - Adult
KW - Chronic Pain/immunology
KW - Female
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Neuralgia/immunology
KW - Observational Studies as Topic
KW - Orthopedic Procedures
KW - Pain Measurement
KW - Pain, Postoperative
KW - Prospective Studies
KW - Research Design
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85214650490&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-094249
DO - 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-094249
M3 - Article
C2 - 39773809
SN - 2044-6055
VL - 15
JO - BMJ Open
JF - BMJ Open
IS - 1
M1 - e094249
ER -