@article{4300a2246984492ba881f0fc277c9f46,
title = "Secular trends in cognitive trajectories of diverse older adults",
abstract = "INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to determine if later birth year influences trajectory of age-related cognitive decline across racial/ethnic groups and to test whether years of school, childhood socioeconomic status, and cardiovascular disease burden explain such secular trends.METHODS: We compared cognitive trajectories of global cognition and subdomains in two successive racially/ethnically and educationally diverse birth cohorts of a prospective cohort study.RESULTS: Later birth year was associated with higher initial cognitive levels for Whites and Blacks, but not Hispanics. Later birth year was also associated with less rapid rate of decline in all three racial/ethnic groups. More years of education, higher childhood socioeconomic status, and, to a smaller extent, greater cardiovascular disease burden accounted for higher intercepts in the later-born cohort, but did not account for attenuated slope of cognitive decline.DISCUSSION: Later birth year is related to a slower rate of age-related decline in some cognitive domains in some racial/ethnic groups. Our analyses suggest that racial/ethnic and social inequalities are part of the mechanisms driving secular trends in cognitive aging and dementia.",
keywords = "Cognitive aging, Cohort studies, Education, Ethnicity, Race, Rate of change, Socioeconomic status, Time trend",
author = "Vonk, \{Jet M J\} and \{Arce Renter{\'i}a\}, Miguel and Avila, \{Justina F\} and Nicole Schupf and Noble, \{James M\} and Richard Mayeux and Brickman, \{Adam M\} and Manly, \{Jennifer J\}",
note = "Funding Information: Data collection and sharing for this project was supported by the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP; PO1AG07232, R01AG037212, RF1AG054023) funded by the National Institute on Aging (NIA). This manuscript has been reviewed by WHICAP investigators for scientific content and consistency of data interpretation with previous WHICAP Study publications. The authors acknowledge the WHICAP study participants and the WHICAP research and support staff for their contributions to this study. This publication was supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, through Grant Number UL1TR001873. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. The authors thank Rich Jones, Douglas Tommet, and Alden Gross for providing Mplus and R syntax together with their helpful feedback on data visualization. Funding Information: Data collection and sharing for this project was supported by the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP; PO1AG07232, R01AG037212, RF1AG054023) funded by the National Institute on Aging (NIA). This manuscript has been reviewed by WHICAP investigators for scientific content and consistency of data interpretation with previous WHICAP Study publications. The authors acknowledge the WHICAP study participants and the WHICAP research and support staff for their contributions to this study. This publication was supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences , National Institutes of Health , through Grant Number UL1TR001873 . The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. The authors thank Rich Jones, Douglas Tommet, and Alden Gross for providing Mplus and R syntax together with their helpful feedback on data visualization. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 the Alzheimer's Association",
year = "2019",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.4944",
language = "English",
volume = "15",
pages = "1576--1587",
journal = "Alzheimer's \& Dementia",
issn = "1552-5260",
publisher = "John Wiley \& Sons Inc.",
number = "12",
}