Season of sampling and season of birth influence serotonin metabolite levels in human cerebrospinal fluid

J.J. Luykx; S.C. Bakker; E.G.W.M. Lentjes; M.P. Boks; N. van Geloven; M.J.C. Eijkemans; E. Janson; E. Strengman; A.M. de Lepper; H.G.M. Westenberg; K.E. Klopper; H.J. Hoorn; H.P. Gelissen; J. Jordan; N.M. Tolenaar; E.P. van Dongen; B. Michel; L. Abramovic; S. Horvath; T.H. Kappen; P. Bruins; P.J. Keijzers; P.J. Borgdorff; R.A. Ophoff; R.S. Kahn

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0030497

Season of sampling and season of birth influence serotonin metabolite levels in human cerebrospinal fluid

J.J. Luykx, S.C. Bakker, E.G.W.M. Lentjes, M.P. Boks, N. van Geloven, M.J.C. Eijkemans, E. Janson, E. Strengman, A.M. de Lepper, H.G.M. Westenberg, K.E. Klopper, H.J. Hoorn, H.P. Gelissen, J. Jordan, N.M. Tolenaar, E.P. van Dongen, B. Michel, L. Abramovic, S. Horvath, T.H. KappenP. Bruins, P.J. Keijzers, P.J. Borgdorff, R.A. Ophoff, R.S. Kahn

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Animal studies have revealed seasonal patterns in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) monoamine (MA) turnover. In humans, no study had systematically assessed seasonal patterns in CSF MA turnover in a large set of healthy adults.

METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Standardized amounts of CSF were prospectively collected from 223 healthy individuals undergoing spinal anesthesia for minor surgical procedures. The metabolites of serotonin (5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, 5-HIAA), dopamine (homovanillic acid, HVA) and norepinephrine (3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol, MPHG) were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Concentration measurements by sampling and birth dates were modeled using a non-linear quantile cosine function and locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (LOESS, span = 0.75). The cosine model showed a unimodal season of sampling 5-HIAA zenith in April and a nadir in October (p-value of the amplitude of the cosine = 0.00050), with predicted maximum (PC(max)) and minimum (PC(min)) concentrations of 173 and 108 nmol/L, respectively, implying a 60% increase from trough to peak. Season of birth showed a unimodal 5-HIAA zenith in May and a nadir in November (p = 0.00339; PC(max) = 172 and PC(min) = 126). The non-parametric LOESS showed a similar pattern to the cosine in both season of sampling and season of birth models, validating the cosine model. A final model including both sampling and birth months demonstrated that both sampling and birth seasons were independent predictors of 5-HIAA concentrations.

CONCLUSION: In subjects without mental illness, 5-HT turnover shows circannual variation by season of sampling as well as season of birth, with peaks in spring and troughs in fall.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	e30497
Number of pages	1
Journal	PLoS ONE [E]
Volume	7
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0030497
Publication status	Published - 2012

Keywords

Adult
Anesthesia, Spinal
Elective Surgical Procedures
Female
Humans
Male
Models, Statistical
Parturition/cerebrospinal fluid
Prospective Studies
Seasons
Serotonin/cerebrospinal fluid

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22312427

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Luykx, J. J., Bakker, S. C., Lentjes, E. G. W. M., Boks, M. P., van Geloven, N., Eijkemans, M. J. C., Janson, E., Strengman, E., de Lepper, A. M., Westenberg, H. G. M., Klopper, K. E., Hoorn, H. J., Gelissen, H. P., Jordan, J., Tolenaar, N. M., van Dongen, E. P., Michel, B., Abramovic, L., Horvath, S., ... Kahn, R. S. (2012). Season of sampling and season of birth influence serotonin metabolite levels in human cerebrospinal fluid. PLoS ONE [E], 7(2), e30497. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0030497

@article{3d70db43727e41fb9275cc7914f84568,

title = "Season of sampling and season of birth influence serotonin metabolite levels in human cerebrospinal fluid",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: Animal studies have revealed seasonal patterns in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) monoamine (MA) turnover. In humans, no study had systematically assessed seasonal patterns in CSF MA turnover in a large set of healthy adults.METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Standardized amounts of CSF were prospectively collected from 223 healthy individuals undergoing spinal anesthesia for minor surgical procedures. The metabolites of serotonin (5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, 5-HIAA), dopamine (homovanillic acid, HVA) and norepinephrine (3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol, MPHG) were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Concentration measurements by sampling and birth dates were modeled using a non-linear quantile cosine function and locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (LOESS, span = 0.75). The cosine model showed a unimodal season of sampling 5-HIAA zenith in April and a nadir in October (p-value of the amplitude of the cosine = 0.00050), with predicted maximum (PC(max)) and minimum (PC(min)) concentrations of 173 and 108 nmol/L, respectively, implying a 60% increase from trough to peak. Season of birth showed a unimodal 5-HIAA zenith in May and a nadir in November (p = 0.00339; PC(max) = 172 and PC(min) = 126). The non-parametric LOESS showed a similar pattern to the cosine in both season of sampling and season of birth models, validating the cosine model. A final model including both sampling and birth months demonstrated that both sampling and birth seasons were independent predictors of 5-HIAA concentrations.CONCLUSION: In subjects without mental illness, 5-HT turnover shows circannual variation by season of sampling as well as season of birth, with peaks in spring and troughs in fall.",

keywords = "Adult, Anesthesia, Spinal, Elective Surgical Procedures, Female, Humans, Male, Models, Statistical, Parturition/cerebrospinal fluid, Prospective Studies, Seasons, Serotonin/cerebrospinal fluid",

author = "J.J. Luykx and S.C. Bakker and E.G.W.M. Lentjes and M.P. Boks and {van Geloven}, N. and M.J.C. Eijkemans and E. Janson and E. Strengman and {de Lepper}, A.M. and H.G.M. Westenberg and K.E. Klopper and H.J. Hoorn and H.P. Gelissen and J. Jordan and N.M. Tolenaar and {van Dongen}, E.P. and B. Michel and L. Abramovic and S. Horvath and T.H. Kappen and P. Bruins and P.J. Keijzers and P.J. Borgdorff and R.A. Ophoff and R.S. Kahn",

year = "2012",

doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0030497",

language = "English",

volume = "7",

pages = "e30497",

journal = "PLoS ONE [E]",

issn = "1932-6203",

publisher = "Public Library of Science",

number = "2",

}

Luykx, JJ, Bakker, SC, Lentjes, EGWM, Boks, MP, van Geloven, N, Eijkemans, MJC, Janson, E, Strengman, E, de Lepper, AM, Westenberg, HGM, Klopper, KE, Hoorn, HJ, Gelissen, HP, Jordan, J, Tolenaar, NM, van Dongen, EP, Michel, B, Abramovic, L, Horvath, S, Kappen, TH, Bruins, P, Keijzers, PJ, Borgdorff, PJ, Ophoff, RA & Kahn, RS 2012, 'Season of sampling and season of birth influence serotonin metabolite levels in human cerebrospinal fluid', PLoS ONE [E], vol. 7, no. 2, pp. e30497. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0030497

TY - JOUR

T1 - Season of sampling and season of birth influence serotonin metabolite levels in human cerebrospinal fluid

AU - Luykx, J.J.

AU - Bakker, S.C.

AU - Lentjes, E.G.W.M.

AU - Boks, M.P.

AU - van Geloven, N.

AU - Eijkemans, M.J.C.

AU - Janson, E.

AU - Strengman, E.

AU - de Lepper, A.M.

AU - Westenberg, H.G.M.

AU - Klopper, K.E.

AU - Hoorn, H.J.

AU - Gelissen, H.P.

AU - Jordan, J.

AU - Tolenaar, N.M.

AU - van Dongen, E.P.

AU - Michel, B.

AU - Abramovic, L.

AU - Horvath, S.

AU - Kappen, T.H.

AU - Bruins, P.

AU - Keijzers, P.J.

AU - Borgdorff, P.J.

AU - Ophoff, R.A.

AU - Kahn, R.S.

PY - 2012

Y1 - 2012

N2 - BACKGROUND: Animal studies have revealed seasonal patterns in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) monoamine (MA) turnover. In humans, no study had systematically assessed seasonal patterns in CSF MA turnover in a large set of healthy adults.METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Standardized amounts of CSF were prospectively collected from 223 healthy individuals undergoing spinal anesthesia for minor surgical procedures. The metabolites of serotonin (5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, 5-HIAA), dopamine (homovanillic acid, HVA) and norepinephrine (3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol, MPHG) were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Concentration measurements by sampling and birth dates were modeled using a non-linear quantile cosine function and locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (LOESS, span = 0.75). The cosine model showed a unimodal season of sampling 5-HIAA zenith in April and a nadir in October (p-value of the amplitude of the cosine = 0.00050), with predicted maximum (PC(max)) and minimum (PC(min)) concentrations of 173 and 108 nmol/L, respectively, implying a 60% increase from trough to peak. Season of birth showed a unimodal 5-HIAA zenith in May and a nadir in November (p = 0.00339; PC(max) = 172 and PC(min) = 126). The non-parametric LOESS showed a similar pattern to the cosine in both season of sampling and season of birth models, validating the cosine model. A final model including both sampling and birth months demonstrated that both sampling and birth seasons were independent predictors of 5-HIAA concentrations.CONCLUSION: In subjects without mental illness, 5-HT turnover shows circannual variation by season of sampling as well as season of birth, with peaks in spring and troughs in fall.

AB - BACKGROUND: Animal studies have revealed seasonal patterns in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) monoamine (MA) turnover. In humans, no study had systematically assessed seasonal patterns in CSF MA turnover in a large set of healthy adults.METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Standardized amounts of CSF were prospectively collected from 223 healthy individuals undergoing spinal anesthesia for minor surgical procedures. The metabolites of serotonin (5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, 5-HIAA), dopamine (homovanillic acid, HVA) and norepinephrine (3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol, MPHG) were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Concentration measurements by sampling and birth dates were modeled using a non-linear quantile cosine function and locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (LOESS, span = 0.75). The cosine model showed a unimodal season of sampling 5-HIAA zenith in April and a nadir in October (p-value of the amplitude of the cosine = 0.00050), with predicted maximum (PC(max)) and minimum (PC(min)) concentrations of 173 and 108 nmol/L, respectively, implying a 60% increase from trough to peak. Season of birth showed a unimodal 5-HIAA zenith in May and a nadir in November (p = 0.00339; PC(max) = 172 and PC(min) = 126). The non-parametric LOESS showed a similar pattern to the cosine in both season of sampling and season of birth models, validating the cosine model. A final model including both sampling and birth months demonstrated that both sampling and birth seasons were independent predictors of 5-HIAA concentrations.CONCLUSION: In subjects without mental illness, 5-HT turnover shows circannual variation by season of sampling as well as season of birth, with peaks in spring and troughs in fall.

KW - Adult

KW - Anesthesia, Spinal

KW - Elective Surgical Procedures

KW - Female

KW - Humans

KW - Male

KW - Models, Statistical

KW - Parturition/cerebrospinal fluid

KW - Prospective Studies

KW - Seasons

KW - Serotonin/cerebrospinal fluid

U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0030497

DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0030497

M3 - Article

C2 - 22312427

SN - 1932-6203

VL - 7

SP - e30497

JO - PLoS ONE [E]

JF - PLoS ONE [E]

IS - 2

ER -

Season of sampling and season of birth influence serotonin metabolite levels in human cerebrospinal fluid

Abstract

Keywords

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