Sample Ascertainment and Recruitment Sources in the Accelerating Medicines Partnership Schizophrenia Program

Jean Addington; Amy Shalev; Lu Liu; Cari Jahraus; Monica Chu; Emily Farina; Paolo Fusar Poli; Patricia J Marcy; Angela R Nunez; Monica E Calkins; Luis Alameda; Celso Arango; Owen Borders; Sylvain Bouix; Nicholas J K Breitborde; Matthew R Broome; Kristin S Cadenhead; Ricardo E Carrion; Rolando I Castillo-Passi; Eric Yu Hai Chen; Jimmy Choi; Michael J Coleman; Philippe Conus; Cheryl M Corcoran; Covadonga M Diaz-Caneja; Lauren M Ellman; Pablo A Gaspar; Carla Gerber; Louise Birkedal Glenthøj; Leslie E Horton; Christy Lai Ming Hui; Joseph Kambeitz; Lana Kambeitz-Ilankovic; Tina Kapur; Sinead Kelly; Melissa J Kerr; Matcheri S Keshavan; Minah Kim; Sung-Wan Kim; Nikolaos Koutsouleris; Jun Soo Kwon; Kerstin Langbein; Kathryn E Lewandowski; Daniel Mamah; Daniel H Mathalon; Vijay A Mittal; Catalina Mourgues; Merete Nordentoft; Ofer Pasternak; Rene S Kahn

doi:10.1093/schizbullopen/sgaf013

Sample Ascertainment and Recruitment Sources in the Accelerating Medicines Partnership Schizophrenia Program

Jean Addington^*
, Amy Shalev
, Lu Liu
, Cari Jahraus
, Monica Chu
, Emily Farina
, Paolo Fusar Poli
, Patricia J Marcy
, Angela R Nunez
, Monica E Calkins
, Luis Alameda
, Celso Arango
, Owen Borders
, Sylvain Bouix
, Nicholas J K Breitborde
, Matthew R Broome
, Kristin S Cadenhead
, Ricardo E Carrion
, Rolando I Castillo-Passi
, Eric Yu Hai Chen

Jimmy Choi, Michael J Coleman, Philippe Conus, Cheryl M Corcoran, Covadonga M Diaz-Caneja, Lauren M Ellman, Pablo A Gaspar, Carla Gerber, Louise Birkedal Glenthøj, Leslie E Horton, Christy Lai Ming Hui, Joseph Kambeitz, Lana Kambeitz-Ilankovic, Tina Kapur, Sinead Kelly, Melissa J Kerr, Matcheri S Keshavan, Minah Kim, Sung-Wan Kim, Nikolaos Koutsouleris, Jun Soo Kwon, Kerstin Langbein, Kathryn E Lewandowski, Daniel Mamah, Daniel H Mathalon, Vijay A Mittal, Catalina Mourgues, Merete Nordentoft, Ofer Pasternak, Rene S Kahn,

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

BACKGROUND: This paper presents the recruitment sources of clinical high-risk (CHR) and community controls (CC) from the Accelerating Medicines Partnership Schizophrenia (AMP SCZ) program, which aims to study various clinical variables and biomarkers in 2040 CHR and 652 CC participants.

METHODS: A total of 1640 CHR and 514 CC had recruitment source data. The Positive Symptoms and Diagnostic Criteria for the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States Harmonized with the SIPS was utilized to assess CHR criteria and severity of attenuated psychotic symptoms (APSs), and the Global Functioning: Social Scale was used for social functioning. Participants were recruited through various methods, including referrals from healthcare providers, schools, and community agencies, and self-referrals via outreach efforts and advertising.

RESULTS: Participants were recruited from 13 different sources, with self-referral being the most common for both CHR and CC. Other notable sources included child and youth services and psychiatric hospitals and departments. Regional differences in recruitment patterns were observed across continents. Differences in age, APS, and social functioning for CHR participants were examined in the top 5 recruitment sources. Overall, self-referred individuals were typically older, with less severe APS and higher levels of functioning, whereas those from adult community mental health services had poorer functioning and more severe APS. The remaining recruitment groups fell between these 2 extremes.

CONCLUSION: This paper highlights the diverse recruitment sources for the AMP SCZ program. Self-referral was a significant source, particularly in North America, reflecting changing help-seeking behaviors influenced by the internet and social media. The findings underscore the importance of understanding recruitment sources to optimize future CHR research.

Original language	English
Article number	sgaf013
Journal	Schizophrenia Bulletin Open
Volume	6
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/schizbullopen/sgaf013
Publication status	Published - Jan 2025
Externally published	Yes

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10.1093/schizbullopen/sgaf013Licence: CC BY

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Addington, J., Shalev, A., Liu, L., Jahraus, C., Chu, M., Farina, E., Fusar Poli, P., Marcy, P. J., Nunez, A. R., Calkins, M. E., Alameda, L., Arango, C., Borders, O., Bouix, S., Breitborde, N. J. K., Broome, M. R., Cadenhead, K. S., Carrion, R. E., Castillo-Passi, R. I. (2025). Sample Ascertainment and Recruitment Sources in the Accelerating Medicines Partnership Schizophrenia Program. Schizophrenia Bulletin Open, 6(1), Article sgaf013. https://doi.org/10.1093/schizbullopen/sgaf013

@article{d88d16163e054bc5b771d395a972781b,

title = "Sample Ascertainment and Recruitment Sources in the Accelerating Medicines Partnership Schizophrenia Program",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: This paper presents the recruitment sources of clinical high-risk (CHR) and community controls (CC) from the Accelerating Medicines Partnership Schizophrenia (AMP SCZ) program, which aims to study various clinical variables and biomarkers in 2040 CHR and 652 CC participants.METHODS: A total of 1640 CHR and 514 CC had recruitment source data. The Positive Symptoms and Diagnostic Criteria for the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States Harmonized with the SIPS was utilized to assess CHR criteria and severity of attenuated psychotic symptoms (APSs), and the Global Functioning: Social Scale was used for social functioning. Participants were recruited through various methods, including referrals from healthcare providers, schools, and community agencies, and self-referrals via outreach efforts and advertising.RESULTS: Participants were recruited from 13 different sources, with self-referral being the most common for both CHR and CC. Other notable sources included child and youth services and psychiatric hospitals and departments. Regional differences in recruitment patterns were observed across continents. Differences in age, APS, and social functioning for CHR participants were examined in the top 5 recruitment sources. Overall, self-referred individuals were typically older, with less severe APS and higher levels of functioning, whereas those from adult community mental health services had poorer functioning and more severe APS. The remaining recruitment groups fell between these 2 extremes.CONCLUSION: This paper highlights the diverse recruitment sources for the AMP SCZ program. Self-referral was a significant source, particularly in North America, reflecting changing help-seeking behaviors influenced by the internet and social media. The findings underscore the importance of understanding recruitment sources to optimize future CHR research.",

author = "Jean Addington and Amy Shalev and Lu Liu and Cari Jahraus and Monica Chu and Emily Farina and \{Fusar Poli\}, Paolo and Marcy, \{Patricia J\} and Nunez, \{Angela R\} and Calkins, \{Monica E\} and Luis Alameda and Celso Arango and Owen Borders and Sylvain Bouix and Breitborde, \{Nicholas J K\} and Broome, \{Matthew R\} and Cadenhead, \{Kristin S\} and Carrion, \{Ricardo E\} and Castillo-Passi, \{Rolando I\} and Chen, \{Eric Yu Hai\} and Jimmy Choi and Coleman, \{Michael J\} and Philippe Conus and Corcoran, \{Cheryl M\} and Diaz-Caneja, \{Covadonga M\} and Ellman, \{Lauren M\} and Gaspar, \{Pablo A\} and Carla Gerber and Glenth{\o}j, \{Louise Birkedal\} and Horton, \{Leslie E\} and Hui, \{Christy Lai Ming\} and Joseph Kambeitz and Lana Kambeitz-Ilankovic and Tina Kapur and Sinead Kelly and Kerr, \{Melissa J\} and Keshavan, \{Matcheri S\} and Minah Kim and Sung-Wan Kim and Nikolaos Koutsouleris and Kwon, \{Jun Soo\} and Kerstin Langbein and Lewandowski, \{Kathryn E\} and Daniel Mamah and Mathalon, \{Daniel H\} and Mittal, \{Vijay A\} and Catalina Mourgues and Merete Nordentoft and Ofer Pasternak and Kahn, \{Rene S\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2025.",

year = "2025",

month = jan,

doi = "10.1093/schizbullopen/sgaf013",

language = "English",

volume = "6",

journal = "Schizophrenia Bulletin Open",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "1",

}

Addington, J, Shalev, A, Liu, L, Jahraus, C, Chu, M, Farina, E, Fusar Poli, P, Marcy, PJ, Nunez, AR, Calkins, ME, Alameda, L, Arango, C, Borders, O, Bouix, S, Breitborde, NJK, Broome, MR, Cadenhead, KS, Carrion, RE, Castillo-Passi, RI, Chen, EYH, Choi, J, Coleman, MJ, Conus, P, Corcoran, CM, Diaz-Caneja, CM, Ellman, LM, Gaspar, PA, Gerber, C, Glenthøj, LB, Horton, LE, Hui, CLM, Kambeitz, J, Kambeitz-Ilankovic, L, Kapur, T, Kelly, S, Kerr, MJ, Keshavan, MS, Kim, M, Kim, S-W, Koutsouleris, N, Kwon, JS, Langbein, K, Lewandowski, KE, Mamah, D, Mathalon, DH, Mittal, VA, Mourgues, C, Nordentoft, M, Pasternak, O, Kahn, RS 2025, 'Sample Ascertainment and Recruitment Sources in the Accelerating Medicines Partnership Schizophrenia Program', Schizophrenia Bulletin Open, vol. 6, no. 1, sgaf013. https://doi.org/10.1093/schizbullopen/sgaf013

TY - JOUR

T1 - Sample Ascertainment and Recruitment Sources in the Accelerating Medicines Partnership Schizophrenia Program

AU - Addington, Jean

AU - Shalev, Amy

AU - Liu, Lu

AU - Jahraus, Cari

AU - Chu, Monica

AU - Farina, Emily

AU - Fusar Poli, Paolo

AU - Marcy, Patricia J

AU - Nunez, Angela R

AU - Calkins, Monica E

AU - Alameda, Luis

AU - Arango, Celso

AU - Borders, Owen

AU - Bouix, Sylvain

AU - Breitborde, Nicholas J K

AU - Broome, Matthew R

AU - Cadenhead, Kristin S

AU - Carrion, Ricardo E

AU - Castillo-Passi, Rolando I

AU - Chen, Eric Yu Hai

AU - Choi, Jimmy

AU - Coleman, Michael J

AU - Conus, Philippe

AU - Corcoran, Cheryl M

AU - Diaz-Caneja, Covadonga M

AU - Ellman, Lauren M

AU - Gaspar, Pablo A

AU - Gerber, Carla

AU - Glenthøj, Louise Birkedal

AU - Horton, Leslie E

AU - Hui, Christy Lai Ming

AU - Kambeitz, Joseph

AU - Kambeitz-Ilankovic, Lana

AU - Kapur, Tina

AU - Kelly, Sinead

AU - Kerr, Melissa J

AU - Keshavan, Matcheri S

AU - Kim, Minah

AU - Kim, Sung-Wan

AU - Koutsouleris, Nikolaos

AU - Kwon, Jun Soo

AU - Langbein, Kerstin

AU - Lewandowski, Kathryn E

AU - Mamah, Daniel

AU - Mathalon, Daniel H

AU - Mittal, Vijay A

AU - Mourgues, Catalina

AU - Nordentoft, Merete

AU - Pasternak, Ofer

AU - Kahn, Rene S

PY - 2025/1

Y1 - 2025/1

N2 - BACKGROUND: This paper presents the recruitment sources of clinical high-risk (CHR) and community controls (CC) from the Accelerating Medicines Partnership Schizophrenia (AMP SCZ) program, which aims to study various clinical variables and biomarkers in 2040 CHR and 652 CC participants.METHODS: A total of 1640 CHR and 514 CC had recruitment source data. The Positive Symptoms and Diagnostic Criteria for the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States Harmonized with the SIPS was utilized to assess CHR criteria and severity of attenuated psychotic symptoms (APSs), and the Global Functioning: Social Scale was used for social functioning. Participants were recruited through various methods, including referrals from healthcare providers, schools, and community agencies, and self-referrals via outreach efforts and advertising.RESULTS: Participants were recruited from 13 different sources, with self-referral being the most common for both CHR and CC. Other notable sources included child and youth services and psychiatric hospitals and departments. Regional differences in recruitment patterns were observed across continents. Differences in age, APS, and social functioning for CHR participants were examined in the top 5 recruitment sources. Overall, self-referred individuals were typically older, with less severe APS and higher levels of functioning, whereas those from adult community mental health services had poorer functioning and more severe APS. The remaining recruitment groups fell between these 2 extremes.CONCLUSION: This paper highlights the diverse recruitment sources for the AMP SCZ program. Self-referral was a significant source, particularly in North America, reflecting changing help-seeking behaviors influenced by the internet and social media. The findings underscore the importance of understanding recruitment sources to optimize future CHR research.

AB - BACKGROUND: This paper presents the recruitment sources of clinical high-risk (CHR) and community controls (CC) from the Accelerating Medicines Partnership Schizophrenia (AMP SCZ) program, which aims to study various clinical variables and biomarkers in 2040 CHR and 652 CC participants.METHODS: A total of 1640 CHR and 514 CC had recruitment source data. The Positive Symptoms and Diagnostic Criteria for the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States Harmonized with the SIPS was utilized to assess CHR criteria and severity of attenuated psychotic symptoms (APSs), and the Global Functioning: Social Scale was used for social functioning. Participants were recruited through various methods, including referrals from healthcare providers, schools, and community agencies, and self-referrals via outreach efforts and advertising.RESULTS: Participants were recruited from 13 different sources, with self-referral being the most common for both CHR and CC. Other notable sources included child and youth services and psychiatric hospitals and departments. Regional differences in recruitment patterns were observed across continents. Differences in age, APS, and social functioning for CHR participants were examined in the top 5 recruitment sources. Overall, self-referred individuals were typically older, with less severe APS and higher levels of functioning, whereas those from adult community mental health services had poorer functioning and more severe APS. The remaining recruitment groups fell between these 2 extremes.CONCLUSION: This paper highlights the diverse recruitment sources for the AMP SCZ program. Self-referral was a significant source, particularly in North America, reflecting changing help-seeking behaviors influenced by the internet and social media. The findings underscore the importance of understanding recruitment sources to optimize future CHR research.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105014097765

U2 - 10.1093/schizbullopen/sgaf013

DO - 10.1093/schizbullopen/sgaf013

M3 - Article

C2 - 40861306

VL - 6

JO - Schizophrenia Bulletin Open

JF - Schizophrenia Bulletin Open

IS - 1

M1 - sgaf013

ER -

Sample Ascertainment and Recruitment Sources in the Accelerating Medicines Partnership Schizophrenia Program

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