Reversal strategies for vitamin K antagonists in acute intracerebral hemorrhage

Adrian R. Parry-Jones, Mario Di Napoli, Joshua N. Goldstein, Floris H B M Schreuder, Sami Tetri, Turgut Tatlisumak, Bernard Yan, Koen M. Van Nieuwenhuizen, Nelly Dequatre-Ponchelle, Matthew Lee-Archer, Solveig Horstmann, Duncan Wilson, Fulvio Pomero, Luca Masotti, Christine Lerpiniere, Daniel Agustin Godoy, Abigail S. Cohen, Rik Houben, Rustam Al-Shahi Salman, Paolo PennatiLuigi Fenoglio, David Werring, Roland Veltkamp, Edith Wood, Helen M. Dewey, Charlotte Cordonnier, Catharina J M Klijn, Fabrizio Meligeni, Stephen M. Davis, Juha Huhtakangas, Julie Staals, Jonathan Rosand, Atte Meretoja*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

Objective There is little evidence to guide treatment strategies for intracerebral hemorrhage on vitamin K antagonists (VKA-ICH). Treatments utilized in clinical practice include fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC). Our aim was to compare case fatality with different reversal strategies. Methods We pooled individual ICH patient data from 16 stroke registries in 9 countries (n=10 282) of whom 1,797 (17%) were on VKA. After excluding 250 patients with international normalized ratio<1.3 and/or missing data required for analysis, we compared all-cause 30-day case fatality using Cox regression. Results We included 1,547 patients treated with FFP (n=377, 24%) PCC (n=585, 38%) both (n=131, 9%) or neither (n=454, 29%). The crude case fatality and adjusted hazard ratio (HR) were highest with no reversal (61.7%, HR=2.540, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.784-3.616, p<0.001) followed by FFP alone (45.6%, HR=1.344, 95% CI=0.934-1.934, p=0.112) then PCC alone (37.3%, HR=1.445, 95% CI=1.014-2.058, p=0.041) compared to reversal with both FFP and PCC (27.8%, reference). Outcomes with PCC versus FFP were similar (HR=1.075, 95% CI=0.874-1.323, p=0.492); 4-factor PCC (n=441) was associated with higher case fatality compared to 3-factor PCC (n=144, HR=1.441, 95% CI=1.041-1.995, p=0.027). Interpretation The combination of FFP and PCC might be associated with the lowest case fatality in reversal of VKA-ICH, and FFP may be equivalent to PCC. Randomized controlled trials with functional outcomes are needed to establish the most effective treatment.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)54-62
Number of pages9
JournalAnnals of Neurology
Volume78
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Jan 2015

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Reversal strategies for vitamin K antagonists in acute intracerebral hemorrhage'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this