Relation of Iron Status to Prognosis After Acute Coronary Syndrome

Muhammed T Gürgöze, Isabella Kardys, K Martijn Akkerhuis, Rohit M Oemrawsingh, Hilde E Groot, Pim van der Harst, Victor A Umans, Bas Kietselaer, Eelko Ronner, Timo Lenderink, Folkert W Asselbergs, Olivier C Manintveld, Eric Boersma

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

11 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Iron deficiency has been extensively researched and is associated with adverse outcomes in heart failure. However, to our knowledge, the temporal evolution of iron status has not been previously investigated in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Therefore, we aimed to explore the temporal pattern of repeatedly measured iron, ferritin, transferrin, and transferrin saturation (TSAT) in relation to prognosis post-ACS. BIOMArCS (BIOMarker study to identify the Acute risk of a Coronary Syndrome) is a prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study conducted in The Netherlands between 2008 and 2015. A total of 844 patients with post-ACS were enrolled and underwent high-frequency (median 17) blood sampling during 1 year follow-up. Biomarkers of iron status were measured batchwise in a central laboratory. We analyzed 3 patient subsets, including the case-cohort (n = 187). The primary endpoint (PE) was a composite of cardiovascular mortality and repeat nonfatal ACS, including unstable angina pectoris requiring revascularization. The association between iron status and the PE was analyzed using multivariable joint models. Mean age was 63 years; 78% were men, and >50% had iron deficiency at first sample in the case-cohort. After adjustment for a broad range of clinical variables, 1 SD decrease in log-iron was associated with a 2.2-fold greater risk of the PE (hazard ratio 2.19, 95% confidence interval 1.34 to 3.54, p = 0.002). Similarly, 1 SD decrease in log-TSAT was associated with a 78% increased risk of the PE (hazard ratio 1.78, 95% confidence interval 1.17 to 2.65, p = 0.006). Ferritin and transferrin were not associated with the PE. Repeated measurements of iron and TSAT predict risk of adverse outcomes in patients with post-ACS during 1 year follow-up. Trial Registration: The Netherlands Trial Register. Unique identifiers: NTR1698 and NTR1106. Registered at https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/1614 and https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/1073.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)22-30
Number of pages9
JournalThe American Journal of Cardiology
Volume168
Early online date16 Jan 2022
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Apr 2022

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Relation of Iron Status to Prognosis After Acute Coronary Syndrome'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this