Referrals for recurrent respiratory tract infections including otitis media in young children.

Objective
(a) To establish whether disease-related, child-related, and physician-related factors are independently associated with specialist referral in young children with recurrent RTI, and (b) to evaluate whether general practitioners (GPs) follow current guidelines regarding these referrals.

Methods
Electronic GP records of children under 24 month of age, born 2002–2008, were reviewed for RTI episodes using ICPC codes. Child-related factors were extracted from the prospective WHISTLER birth-cohort in which a considerable part of children had been enrolled. To evaluate guideline adherence, referral data were compared to national guideline recommendations.

Results
Consultations for 2532 RTI episodes (1041 children) were assessed. Seventy-eight children were referred for recurrent RTI (3.1% of RTI episodes; 7.5% of children). Disease factors were the main determinants of referral: number (OR 1.7 [CI 1.7–1.7]) and severity of previous RTI episodes (OR 2.2 [CI 1.6–2.8]), and duration of RTI episode (OR 1.7 [CI 1.7–1.8]). The non-disease factors daycare attendance (OR 1.3 [CI 1.0–1.7]) and 5–10 years working experience as a GP compared with
Conclusions
Referral of children for recurrent RTI was primarily determined by frequency, severity, and duration of RTIs; the influence of non-disease factors was limited. Just over half of referrals were made in accordance with guidelines.