TY - JOUR
T1 - Reanimation of the paralyzed face by indirect hypoglossal-facial nerve anastomosis
AU - Manni, Johannes J.
AU - Beurskens, Carien H.G.
AU - Van De Velde, Caroline
AU - Stokroos, Robert J.
PY - 2001/1/1
Y1 - 2001/1/1
N2 - Background: The results of indirect hypoglossal facial nerve anastomosis with interposition of a free nerve graft, end-to-end to the periferal facial nerve stump, and end-to-side to the hypoglossal nerve are prospectively evaluated. This technique is supposed to overcome loss of hypoglossal function. Methods: Tongue function in 39 consecutive patients and facial reanimation in 29 patients who completed 24 months follow-up were assessed. Facial nerve function was judged using the House-Brackmann (HB) grading system. Results: Tongue movements were normal in all operated on patients. Initial facial movements occurred on average 7.5 months postoperatively. The results were graded HB II in 6 (20.9%), HB III in 13 (44.6%), HB IV in 7 (24.1%), HB V in 2 (6.8%) patients, and HB VI in 1 (3.4%) patient. The results were significantly better in young patients and when a short time interval between paralysis and surgery existed. Conclusions: Indirect hypoglossal-facial anastomosis is the preferred technique in most patients for whom the classical direct hypoglossofacial anastomosis is indicated.
AB - Background: The results of indirect hypoglossal facial nerve anastomosis with interposition of a free nerve graft, end-to-end to the periferal facial nerve stump, and end-to-side to the hypoglossal nerve are prospectively evaluated. This technique is supposed to overcome loss of hypoglossal function. Methods: Tongue function in 39 consecutive patients and facial reanimation in 29 patients who completed 24 months follow-up were assessed. Facial nerve function was judged using the House-Brackmann (HB) grading system. Results: Tongue movements were normal in all operated on patients. Initial facial movements occurred on average 7.5 months postoperatively. The results were graded HB II in 6 (20.9%), HB III in 13 (44.6%), HB IV in 7 (24.1%), HB V in 2 (6.8%) patients, and HB VI in 1 (3.4%) patient. The results were significantly better in young patients and when a short time interval between paralysis and surgery existed. Conclusions: Indirect hypoglossal-facial anastomosis is the preferred technique in most patients for whom the classical direct hypoglossofacial anastomosis is indicated.
KW - End-to-side anastomosis
KW - Facial nerve
KW - Facial paralysis
KW - Hypoglossal nerve
KW - Nerve graft
KW - Reanimation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0034802557&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/S0002-9610(01)00715-2
DO - 10.1016/S0002-9610(01)00715-2
M3 - Article
C2 - 11587691
AN - SCOPUS:0034802557
SN - 0002-9610
VL - 182
SP - 268
EP - 273
JO - American Journal of Surgery
JF - American Journal of Surgery
IS - 3
ER -