TY - JOUR
T1 - Rationale and design of the AdRem study
T2 - Evaluating the effects of blood pressure lowering and intensive glucose control on vascular retinal disorders in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
AU - Stolk, Ronald P.
AU - Vingerling, Johannes R.
AU - Cruickshank, J. Kennedy
AU - Hughes, Alun D.
AU - Stanton, Alice
AU - Juming, Lu
AU - Patel, Anushka
AU - Thom, Simon A.Mc G.
AU - Grobbee, Diederick E.
PY - 2007/1/1
Y1 - 2007/1/1
N2 - The ADVANCE Retinal Measurements (AdRem) Study is a large intervention study evaluating the effects of target driven intensive glucose control and placebo controlled blood pressure lowering on retinal vascular changes. AdRem is a sub-study of the ADVANCE Study (Action in Diabetes and Vascular disease), a 2 × 2 factorial randomized controlled trial with an ACE inhibitor-diuretic combination (perindopril-indapamide) and a gliclazide MR-based regimen in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The AdRem study is based on seven-field stereoscopic retinal photographs of both eyes. These are taken within 3 months after randomization in ADVANCE (baseline), at the biennial and at the final visit. The primary outcome is progression of two or more steps in ETDRS classification. Secondary outcomes include progression of retinal vascular lesions and distortion of retinal vascular geometry. Retinal photographs are made on film and digitized at a central laboratory. The AdRem study uses fully digitized quality control and grading. Between August 2002 and January 2004 1978 patients were included in the AdRem study, from 39 centers in 14 countries. Approximately 85% comply with the strict AdRem quality requirements. Publication of the results is expected in early 2008. The AdRem study is designed to provide reliable evidence on the effects of intensive glucose control and blood pressure lowering on both diabetic retinopathy and abnormalities of retinal vasculature in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
AB - The ADVANCE Retinal Measurements (AdRem) Study is a large intervention study evaluating the effects of target driven intensive glucose control and placebo controlled blood pressure lowering on retinal vascular changes. AdRem is a sub-study of the ADVANCE Study (Action in Diabetes and Vascular disease), a 2 × 2 factorial randomized controlled trial with an ACE inhibitor-diuretic combination (perindopril-indapamide) and a gliclazide MR-based regimen in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The AdRem study is based on seven-field stereoscopic retinal photographs of both eyes. These are taken within 3 months after randomization in ADVANCE (baseline), at the biennial and at the final visit. The primary outcome is progression of two or more steps in ETDRS classification. Secondary outcomes include progression of retinal vascular lesions and distortion of retinal vascular geometry. Retinal photographs are made on film and digitized at a central laboratory. The AdRem study uses fully digitized quality control and grading. Between August 2002 and January 2004 1978 patients were included in the AdRem study, from 39 centers in 14 countries. Approximately 85% comply with the strict AdRem quality requirements. Publication of the results is expected in early 2008. The AdRem study is designed to provide reliable evidence on the effects of intensive glucose control and blood pressure lowering on both diabetic retinopathy and abnormalities of retinal vasculature in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
KW - Diabetes
KW - Hypertension
KW - Retinal photography
KW - Retinal vascular geometry
KW - Retinopathy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33751195532&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.cct.2006.08.011
DO - 10.1016/j.cct.2006.08.011
M3 - Article
C2 - 17030155
AN - SCOPUS:33751195532
SN - 1551-7144
VL - 28
SP - 6
EP - 17
JO - Contemporary Clinical Trials
JF - Contemporary Clinical Trials
IS - 1
ER -