Radiographic joint damage in early rheumatoid arthritis patients: Comparing tocilizumab- and methotrexate-based treat-to-target strategies

Objective. To evaluate the progression of erosions and joint space narrowing (JSN) in feet and hands in the U-Act-Early trial. Methods. In this trial, 317 newly diagnosed DMARD-naive RA patients initiated randomly tocilizumab, or step-up MTX or a combination of the two. Radiographs were scored at baseline and after 52 and 104weeks using the Sharp-van der Heijde erosion and JSN score. Between the strategy arms, changes from baseline and the proportions of patients without radiographic progression (change from baseline ≤0) were compared. Results. Mean changes from baseline in erosion and JSN scores for the whole study population were after 52 weeks 0.59 and 0.18 and after 104 weeks 0.70 and 0.50, respectively. For JSN, at both time points no differences in progression were found between strategies (P≥0.09). For erosions, the progression was significantly lower at week 104 in both tocilizumab arms when compared with the MTX arm ((p≤0.023). Less progression of erosions in the feet was found after 104 weeks in both tocilizumab arms (P≤0.046); this was not significant for the hands (P≥0.11). The proportion of patients without progression in erosions was higher in the tocilizumab arms at week 52 (tocilizumab plus MTX: 87%, P = 0.038; tocilizumab: 81%, P = 0.29) and 104 (tocilizumab plus MTX: 85%, P = 0.001; tocilizumab: 77%, P = 0.028), compared with the MTX arm (74 and 60%, respectively). Conclusion. In DMARD-naive early RA patients, initiating a tocilizumab-based treat-to-target strategy inhibits the progression of erosions, especially in the feet, more compared with initiation of a step-up MTX strategy.