TY - JOUR
T1 - Prevalence and predictors of unsuccessful tuberculosis treatment outcomes among persons with TB/HIV co-infection in Ghana
T2 - a 10-year retrospective study
AU - Cobbinah, Alhaji Ibrahim
AU - Idan, Jacob Solomon
AU - Boakye, Kingsley
AU - Enimil, Anthony
AU - Mensah, Nicholas Karikari
AU - Adangabe, Ebenezer
AU - Abdulai, Sulemana Baba
AU - Martyn-Dickens, Charles
AU - Mohammed, Aliyu
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2025.
PY - 2025/5/6
Y1 - 2025/5/6
N2 - Introduction: Unsuccessful treatment outcomes significantly impact tuberculosis control efforts globally particularly among individuals co-infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). This study aimed to assess the prevalence, trends, and associated factors of unsuccessful Tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes among persons with TB/HIV co-infection at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Ghana over a 10-year period. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital between January 2012 and December 2022. A total of 1,242 persons with TB/HIV co-infection were included in the study. Unsuccessful treatment outcomes were defined as death, treatment failure, or default. Modified Poisson regression with robust standard errors was performed using Stata version 17.0 to identify predictors of unsuccessful outcomes. Crude and adjusted relative risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported, and a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of unsuccessful treatment outcomes for the 10-year period was 24.6% (95% CI: 22.3–27.1). The analysis revealed a decreasing trend of unsuccessful TB treatment outcomes from 47.6% in 2012 to 7.79 in 2022. In the multivariable analysis, older age (≥ 65 years) was associated with a higher risk of unsuccessful outcomes (ARR: 5.6, 95% CI: 2.8–11.1). Conversely, pretreatment weights of 40–54 kg (ARR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3–0.7), 55–69 kg (ARR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.3–0.6), and ≥ 74 kg (ARR: 0.2, 95% CI: 0.1–0.7) were associated with reduced risk. The presence of a treatment supporter also lowered the risk of unsuccessful outcomes (ARR: 0.8, 95% CI: 0.6–0.9). Conclusion: The high prevalence of unsuccessful TB treatment outcomes among persons with TB/HIV co-infection within the 10-year period highlights the need for targeted interventions. Prioritizing care for older patients, improving nutritional support, and promoting treatment supporter involvement will enhance treatment success in Ghana. Clinical trial number: Not applicable.
AB - Introduction: Unsuccessful treatment outcomes significantly impact tuberculosis control efforts globally particularly among individuals co-infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). This study aimed to assess the prevalence, trends, and associated factors of unsuccessful Tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes among persons with TB/HIV co-infection at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Ghana over a 10-year period. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital between January 2012 and December 2022. A total of 1,242 persons with TB/HIV co-infection were included in the study. Unsuccessful treatment outcomes were defined as death, treatment failure, or default. Modified Poisson regression with robust standard errors was performed using Stata version 17.0 to identify predictors of unsuccessful outcomes. Crude and adjusted relative risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported, and a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of unsuccessful treatment outcomes for the 10-year period was 24.6% (95% CI: 22.3–27.1). The analysis revealed a decreasing trend of unsuccessful TB treatment outcomes from 47.6% in 2012 to 7.79 in 2022. In the multivariable analysis, older age (≥ 65 years) was associated with a higher risk of unsuccessful outcomes (ARR: 5.6, 95% CI: 2.8–11.1). Conversely, pretreatment weights of 40–54 kg (ARR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3–0.7), 55–69 kg (ARR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.3–0.6), and ≥ 74 kg (ARR: 0.2, 95% CI: 0.1–0.7) were associated with reduced risk. The presence of a treatment supporter also lowered the risk of unsuccessful outcomes (ARR: 0.8, 95% CI: 0.6–0.9). Conclusion: The high prevalence of unsuccessful TB treatment outcomes among persons with TB/HIV co-infection within the 10-year period highlights the need for targeted interventions. Prioritizing care for older patients, improving nutritional support, and promoting treatment supporter involvement will enhance treatment success in Ghana. Clinical trial number: Not applicable.
KW - Co-infection
KW - Ghana
KW - HIV
KW - Predictors
KW - Treatment outcomes
KW - Tuberculosis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=105004344294&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1186/s12879-025-11054-7
DO - 10.1186/s12879-025-11054-7
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:105004344294
SN - 1471-2334
VL - 25
JO - BMC Infectious Diseases
JF - BMC Infectious Diseases
IS - 1
M1 - 669
ER -