TY - JOUR
T1 - Premorbid IQ subgroups in first episode non affective psychosis patients
T2 - Long-term sex differences in function and neurocognition
AU - Ayesa-Arriola, Rosa
AU - Setién-Suero, Esther
AU - Neergaard, Karl David
AU - Belzunces, Àuria Albacete
AU - Contreras, Fernando
AU - van Haren, Neeltje E.M.
AU - Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III ( PI14/00639 and PI14/00918 ), Fundación Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla ( NCT0235832 and NCT02534363 ) and Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport ( CAS15/00351 ). No pharmaceutical industry has participated in the study.
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI14/00639 and PI14/00918), Fundación Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (NCT0235832 and NCT02534363) and Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport (CAS15/00351). No pharmaceutical industry has participated in the study.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2018/7/1
Y1 - 2018/7/1
N2 - Background: Low IQ has been associated with schizophrenia, even to the point of being posited as a possible causal factor for psychosis. However, individuals with normal and high IQ also develop psychotic illnesses. The aim of this study was to characterize premorbid IQ subgroups at first episode of psychosis (FEP). Methods: The study sample comes from a large epidemiological, 3-year longitudinal, intervention program on psychosis containing individuals living in a catchment area in Spain. Estimated premorbid IQ (epIQ) scores were used to build low (<. 90), normal (90-110) and high (>. 110) epIQ subgroups in samples of FEP patients (N = 292) and healthy controls (N = 199). The epIQ subgroups were compared in sociodemographic, neuropsychological, clinical and premorbid characteristics. Long-term functional and cognitive outcome, with a focus on sex differences, were also explored. Results: Low-epIQ was more frequently found in FEP patients (28.8%) than in healthy controls (14.6%). Low-epIQ patients were more likely to have worse premorbid adjustment, belong to low socioeconomic status families, have less years of education, and to be single, unemployed, and younger. They presented more severe impairments in processing speed, executive and global cognitive function. Female patients with low-epIQ showed better baseline function and more stable outcome than males. Conclusions: Our results indicate that low premorbid IQ is a morbid manifestation, easily detected in a subgroup of FEP patients that predicts poorer outcome particularly in males. This perspective provides important information for the tailoring of subgroup-specific early intervention programs for psychosis.
AB - Background: Low IQ has been associated with schizophrenia, even to the point of being posited as a possible causal factor for psychosis. However, individuals with normal and high IQ also develop psychotic illnesses. The aim of this study was to characterize premorbid IQ subgroups at first episode of psychosis (FEP). Methods: The study sample comes from a large epidemiological, 3-year longitudinal, intervention program on psychosis containing individuals living in a catchment area in Spain. Estimated premorbid IQ (epIQ) scores were used to build low (<. 90), normal (90-110) and high (>. 110) epIQ subgroups in samples of FEP patients (N = 292) and healthy controls (N = 199). The epIQ subgroups were compared in sociodemographic, neuropsychological, clinical and premorbid characteristics. Long-term functional and cognitive outcome, with a focus on sex differences, were also explored. Results: Low-epIQ was more frequently found in FEP patients (28.8%) than in healthy controls (14.6%). Low-epIQ patients were more likely to have worse premorbid adjustment, belong to low socioeconomic status families, have less years of education, and to be single, unemployed, and younger. They presented more severe impairments in processing speed, executive and global cognitive function. Female patients with low-epIQ showed better baseline function and more stable outcome than males. Conclusions: Our results indicate that low premorbid IQ is a morbid manifestation, easily detected in a subgroup of FEP patients that predicts poorer outcome particularly in males. This perspective provides important information for the tailoring of subgroup-specific early intervention programs for psychosis.
KW - Cognition
KW - First episode psychosis
KW - Function
KW - IQ
KW - Schizophrenia
KW - Sex differences
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85038865020&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.schres.2017.12.006
DO - 10.1016/j.schres.2017.12.006
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85038865020
SN - 0920-9964
VL - 197
SP - 370
EP - 377
JO - Schizophrenia Research
JF - Schizophrenia Research
ER -