TY - JOUR
T1 - Predictive value for cardiovascular events of common carotid intima media thickness and its rate of change in individuals at high cardiovascular risk – Results from the PROG-IMT collaboration
AU - Lorenz, Matthias W.
AU - Gao, Lu
AU - Ziegelbauer, Kathrin
AU - Norata, Giuseppe Danilo
AU - Empana, Jean Philippe
AU - Schmidtmann, Irene
AU - Lin, Hung Ju
AU - McLachlan, Stela
AU - Bokemark, Lena
AU - Ronkainen, Kimmo
AU - Amato, Mauro
AU - Schminke, Ulf
AU - Srinivasan, Sathanur R.
AU - Lind, Lars
AU - Okazaki, Shuhei
AU - Stehouwer, Coen D.A.
AU - Willeit, Peter
AU - Polak, Joseph F.
AU - Steinmetz, Helmuth
AU - Sander, Dirk
AU - Poppert, Holger
AU - Desvarieux, Moise
AU - Arfan Ikram, M.
AU - Johnsen, Stein Harald
AU - Staub, Daniel
AU - Sirtori, Cesare R.
AU - Iglseder, Bernhard
AU - Beloqui, Oscar
AU - Engström, Gunnar
AU - Friera, Alfonso
AU - Rozza, Francesco
AU - Xie, Wuxiang
AU - Parraga, Grace
AU - Grigore, Liliana
AU - Plichart, Matthieu
AU - Blankenberg, Stefan
AU - Su, Ta Chen
AU - Schmidt, Caroline
AU - Tuomainen, Tomi Pekka
AU - Veglia, Fabrizio
AU - Völzke, Henry
AU - Nijpels, Giel
AU - Willeit, Johann
AU - Sacco, Ralph L.
AU - Franco, Oscar H.
AU - Uthoff, Heiko
AU - Hedblad, Bo
AU - Suarez, Carmen
AU - Izzo, Raffaele
AU - Bots, Michiel L.
N1 - Funding Information:
The PROG-IMT project, which includes this publication, has been funded by the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, www.dfg.de) under the grants DFG Lo 1569/2-1 and DFG Lo 1569/2-3, received by MWL. The DFG had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Simon Thompson is supported by the British heart Foundation (CH/12/2/29428). Some of the contributing studies were funded by different parties, as listed in the acknowledgement section. Here, too, the funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Lorenz et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
PY - 2018/4/1
Y1 - 2018/4/1
N2 - Aims Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) predicts cardiovascular (CVD) events, but the predictive value of CIMT change is debated. We assessed the relation between CIMT change and events in individuals at high cardiovascular risk. Methods and results From 31 cohorts with two CIMT scans (total n = 89070) on average 3.6 years apart and clinical follow-up, subcohorts were drawn: (A) individuals with at least 3 cardiovascular risk factors without previous CVD events, (B) individuals with carotid plaques without previous CVD events, and (C) individuals with previous CVD events. Cox regression models were fit to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of the combined endpoint (myocardial infarction, stroke or vascular death) per standard deviation (SD) of CIMT change, adjusted for CVD risk factors. These HRs were pooled across studies. In groups A, B and C we observed 3483, 2845 and 1165 endpoint events, respectively. Average common CIMT was 0.79mm (SD 0.16mm), and annual common CIMT change was 0.01mm (SD 0.07mm), both in group A. The pooled HR per SD of annual common CIMT change (0.02 to 0.43mm) was 0.99 (95% confidence interval: 0.95–1.02) in group A, 0.98 (0.93–1.04) in group B, and 0.95 (0.89–1.04) in group C. The HR per SD of common CIMT (average of the first and the second CIMT scan, 0.09 to 0.75mm) was 1.15 (1.07–1.23) in group A, 1.13 (1.05–1.22) in group B, and 1.12 (1.05–1.20) in group C. Conclusions We confirm that common CIMT is associated with future CVD events in individuals at high risk. CIMT change does not relate to future event risk in high-risk individuals.
AB - Aims Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) predicts cardiovascular (CVD) events, but the predictive value of CIMT change is debated. We assessed the relation between CIMT change and events in individuals at high cardiovascular risk. Methods and results From 31 cohorts with two CIMT scans (total n = 89070) on average 3.6 years apart and clinical follow-up, subcohorts were drawn: (A) individuals with at least 3 cardiovascular risk factors without previous CVD events, (B) individuals with carotid plaques without previous CVD events, and (C) individuals with previous CVD events. Cox regression models were fit to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of the combined endpoint (myocardial infarction, stroke or vascular death) per standard deviation (SD) of CIMT change, adjusted for CVD risk factors. These HRs were pooled across studies. In groups A, B and C we observed 3483, 2845 and 1165 endpoint events, respectively. Average common CIMT was 0.79mm (SD 0.16mm), and annual common CIMT change was 0.01mm (SD 0.07mm), both in group A. The pooled HR per SD of annual common CIMT change (0.02 to 0.43mm) was 0.99 (95% confidence interval: 0.95–1.02) in group A, 0.98 (0.93–1.04) in group B, and 0.95 (0.89–1.04) in group C. The HR per SD of common CIMT (average of the first and the second CIMT scan, 0.09 to 0.75mm) was 1.15 (1.07–1.23) in group A, 1.13 (1.05–1.22) in group B, and 1.12 (1.05–1.20) in group C. Conclusions We confirm that common CIMT is associated with future CVD events in individuals at high risk. CIMT change does not relate to future event risk in high-risk individuals.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85045439183&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0191172
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0191172
M3 - Article
C2 - 29649236
AN - SCOPUS:85045439183
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 13
JO - PLoS ONE
JF - PLoS ONE
IS - 4
M1 - e0191172
ER -