Overlapping and disease specific trait, response, and reflection impulsivity in adolescents with first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Jens Richardt M. Jepsen; J. Rydkjaer; B. Fagerlund; A. K. Pagsberg; R. Av F. Jespersen; Birte Y. Glenthøj; B. Oranje

doi:10.1017/S0033291717001921

Overlapping and disease specific trait, response, and reflection impulsivity in adolescents with first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Jens Richardt M. Jepsen, J. Rydkjaer, B. Fagerlund, A. K. Pagsberg, R. Av F. Jespersen, Birte Y. Glenthøj, B. Oranje

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are developmental disorders with shared clinical characteristics such as cognitive impairments and impulsivity. Impulsivity is a core feature of ADHD and an important factor in aggression, violence, and substance use in schizophrenia. Based on the hypothesis that schizophrenia and ADHD represent a continuum of neurodevelopmental impairments, the aim was to identify overlapping and disease specific forms of impulsivity.

METHODS: Adolescents between 12 and 17 years of age were assessed with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-aged Children - Present and Lifetime Version. Subjects with early-onset, first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders (EOS) (N = 29) or ADHD (N = 29) and healthy controls (N = 45) were compared on two performance measures (Information Sampling Task, Stop Signal Task) and a subjective personality trait measure of impulsivity (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Version 11 (BIS-11)).

RESULTS: Significantly increased reflection impulsivity was observed in ADHD but not in the EOS group. No significant response inhibition deficits (stop signal reaction time) were found in the two clinical groups. The ADHD and the EOS group showed significantly increased motor, attentional, and non-planning subtraits of impulsivity.

CONCLUSIONS: Impaired pre-decisional information gathering appeared to be specific for ADHD while the information gathering was not significantly reduced in subjects with EOS. Neither the ADHD nor EOS group showed impaired response inhibition but shared increased personality subtraits of attentional, non-planning, and motor impulsivity although the latter was significantly more pronounced in ADHD. These increased subtraits of impulsivity may reflect diagnostic non-specific neurodevelopmental impairments in ADHD and EOS in adolescence.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	604-616
Number of pages	13
Journal	Psychological Medicine
Volume	48
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291717001921
Publication status	Published - Mar 2018

Keywords

ADHD
cognition
first-episode early-onset schizophrenia
impulsivity
information sampling
stop signal reaction time
trans-diagnostic

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10.1017/S0033291717001921

Cite this

Jepsen, J. R. M., Rydkjaer, J., Fagerlund, B., Pagsberg, A. K., Jespersen, R. A. F., Glenthøj, B. Y., & Oranje, B. (2018). Overlapping and disease specific trait, response, and reflection impulsivity in adolescents with first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Psychological Medicine, 48(4), 604-616. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291717001921

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title = "Overlapping and disease specific trait, response, and reflection impulsivity in adolescents with first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are developmental disorders with shared clinical characteristics such as cognitive impairments and impulsivity. Impulsivity is a core feature of ADHD and an important factor in aggression, violence, and substance use in schizophrenia. Based on the hypothesis that schizophrenia and ADHD represent a continuum of neurodevelopmental impairments, the aim was to identify overlapping and disease specific forms of impulsivity.METHODS: Adolescents between 12 and 17 years of age were assessed with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-aged Children - Present and Lifetime Version. Subjects with early-onset, first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders (EOS) (N = 29) or ADHD (N = 29) and healthy controls (N = 45) were compared on two performance measures (Information Sampling Task, Stop Signal Task) and a subjective personality trait measure of impulsivity (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Version 11 (BIS-11)).RESULTS: Significantly increased reflection impulsivity was observed in ADHD but not in the EOS group. No significant response inhibition deficits (stop signal reaction time) were found in the two clinical groups. The ADHD and the EOS group showed significantly increased motor, attentional, and non-planning subtraits of impulsivity.CONCLUSIONS: Impaired pre-decisional information gathering appeared to be specific for ADHD while the information gathering was not significantly reduced in subjects with EOS. Neither the ADHD nor EOS group showed impaired response inhibition but shared increased personality subtraits of attentional, non-planning, and motor impulsivity although the latter was significantly more pronounced in ADHD. These increased subtraits of impulsivity may reflect diagnostic non-specific neurodevelopmental impairments in ADHD and EOS in adolescence.",

keywords = "ADHD, cognition, first-episode early-onset schizophrenia, impulsivity, information sampling, stop signal reaction time, trans-diagnostic",

author = "Jepsen, {Jens Richardt M.} and J. Rydkjaer and B. Fagerlund and Pagsberg, {A. K.} and Jespersen, {R. Av F.} and Glenth{\o}j, {Birte Y.} and B. Oranje",

year = "2018",

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doi = "10.1017/S0033291717001921",

language = "English",

volume = "48",

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Jepsen, JRM, Rydkjaer, J, Fagerlund, B, Pagsberg, AK, Jespersen, RAF, Glenthøj, BY & Oranje, B 2018, 'Overlapping and disease specific trait, response, and reflection impulsivity in adolescents with first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder', Psychological Medicine, vol. 48, no. 4, pp. 604-616. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291717001921

Overlapping and disease specific trait, response, and reflection impulsivity in adolescents with first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. / Jepsen, Jens Richardt M.; Rydkjaer, J.; Fagerlund, B. et al.
In: Psychological Medicine, Vol. 48, No. 4, 03.2018, p. 604-616.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Overlapping and disease specific trait, response, and reflection impulsivity in adolescents with first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

AU - Jepsen, Jens Richardt M.

AU - Rydkjaer, J.

AU - Fagerlund, B.

AU - Pagsberg, A. K.

AU - Jespersen, R. Av F.

AU - Glenthøj, Birte Y.

AU - Oranje, B.

PY - 2018/3

Y1 - 2018/3

N2 - BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are developmental disorders with shared clinical characteristics such as cognitive impairments and impulsivity. Impulsivity is a core feature of ADHD and an important factor in aggression, violence, and substance use in schizophrenia. Based on the hypothesis that schizophrenia and ADHD represent a continuum of neurodevelopmental impairments, the aim was to identify overlapping and disease specific forms of impulsivity.METHODS: Adolescents between 12 and 17 years of age were assessed with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-aged Children - Present and Lifetime Version. Subjects with early-onset, first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders (EOS) (N = 29) or ADHD (N = 29) and healthy controls (N = 45) were compared on two performance measures (Information Sampling Task, Stop Signal Task) and a subjective personality trait measure of impulsivity (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Version 11 (BIS-11)).RESULTS: Significantly increased reflection impulsivity was observed in ADHD but not in the EOS group. No significant response inhibition deficits (stop signal reaction time) were found in the two clinical groups. The ADHD and the EOS group showed significantly increased motor, attentional, and non-planning subtraits of impulsivity.CONCLUSIONS: Impaired pre-decisional information gathering appeared to be specific for ADHD while the information gathering was not significantly reduced in subjects with EOS. Neither the ADHD nor EOS group showed impaired response inhibition but shared increased personality subtraits of attentional, non-planning, and motor impulsivity although the latter was significantly more pronounced in ADHD. These increased subtraits of impulsivity may reflect diagnostic non-specific neurodevelopmental impairments in ADHD and EOS in adolescence.

AB - BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are developmental disorders with shared clinical characteristics such as cognitive impairments and impulsivity. Impulsivity is a core feature of ADHD and an important factor in aggression, violence, and substance use in schizophrenia. Based on the hypothesis that schizophrenia and ADHD represent a continuum of neurodevelopmental impairments, the aim was to identify overlapping and disease specific forms of impulsivity.METHODS: Adolescents between 12 and 17 years of age were assessed with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-aged Children - Present and Lifetime Version. Subjects with early-onset, first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders (EOS) (N = 29) or ADHD (N = 29) and healthy controls (N = 45) were compared on two performance measures (Information Sampling Task, Stop Signal Task) and a subjective personality trait measure of impulsivity (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Version 11 (BIS-11)).RESULTS: Significantly increased reflection impulsivity was observed in ADHD but not in the EOS group. No significant response inhibition deficits (stop signal reaction time) were found in the two clinical groups. The ADHD and the EOS group showed significantly increased motor, attentional, and non-planning subtraits of impulsivity.CONCLUSIONS: Impaired pre-decisional information gathering appeared to be specific for ADHD while the information gathering was not significantly reduced in subjects with EOS. Neither the ADHD nor EOS group showed impaired response inhibition but shared increased personality subtraits of attentional, non-planning, and motor impulsivity although the latter was significantly more pronounced in ADHD. These increased subtraits of impulsivity may reflect diagnostic non-specific neurodevelopmental impairments in ADHD and EOS in adolescence.

KW - ADHD

KW - cognition

KW - first-episode early-onset schizophrenia

KW - impulsivity

KW - information sampling

KW - stop signal reaction time

KW - trans-diagnostic

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U2 - 10.1017/S0033291717001921

DO - 10.1017/S0033291717001921

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C2 - 28712363

AN - SCOPUS:85024397263

SN - 0033-2917

VL - 48

SP - 604

EP - 616

JO - Psychological Medicine

JF - Psychological Medicine

IS - 4

ER -

Overlapping and disease specific trait, response, and reflection impulsivity in adolescents with first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

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Keywords

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