TY - JOUR
T1 - Molecular Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Vascular Inflammation After Recanalization in a Rat Ischemic Stroke Model
AU - Franx, Bart A A
AU - Van der Toorn, Annette
AU - Van Heijningen, Caroline
AU - Vivien, Denis
AU - Bonnard, Thomas
AU - Dijkhuizen, Rick M
N1 - Funding Information:
The CONTRAST consortium acknowledges the support from the Netherlands Cardiovascular Research Initiative, an initiative of the Dutch Heart Foundation (CVON2015-01: CONTRAST) and from the Brain Foundation Netherlands (HA2015.01.06). The collaboration project is additionally financed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs by means of the PPP Allowance made available by Health—Holland and the Top Sector Life Sciences & Health to stimulate public-private partnerships (LSHM17016). This work was funded in part through unrestricted funding by Stryker, Medtronic, and Cerenovus. The funding sources were not involved in study design, monitoring, data collection, statistical analyses, interpretation of results, or article writing.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 American Heart Association, Inc.
PY - 2021/12
Y1 - 2021/12
N2 - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Brain imaging has become central in the management of acute ischemic stroke. Detection of parenchymal injury and perfusion enables characterization of the extent of ischemic damage, which guides treatment decision-making. Additional assessment of secondary events, such as inflammation, which may particularly arise after recanalization, may improve diagnosis and (supplementary) treatment selection. Therefore, we developed and tested a molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) approach for in vivo detection of vascular inflammation after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.METHODS: Molecular MRI of VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) expression was performed with a targeted contrast agent, in addition to MR angiography, and diffusion-, T2- and perfusion-weighted MRI, from 1 hour until 96 hours after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.RESULTS: VCAM-1 expression, detected with susceptibility-weighted MRI, was significantly enhanced at 6 hours after recanalization as compared with 1-hour postrecanalization, coinciding with a transient decline in perfusion after initial hyperperfusion. VCAM-1 levels declined after 24 hours, but remained elevated, particularly in lesion borderzones.CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of molecular MRI of vascular inflammation into imaging protocols after acute ischemic stroke could provide complementary information that may guide treatment decision-making before and after recanalization therapy.
AB - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Brain imaging has become central in the management of acute ischemic stroke. Detection of parenchymal injury and perfusion enables characterization of the extent of ischemic damage, which guides treatment decision-making. Additional assessment of secondary events, such as inflammation, which may particularly arise after recanalization, may improve diagnosis and (supplementary) treatment selection. Therefore, we developed and tested a molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) approach for in vivo detection of vascular inflammation after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.METHODS: Molecular MRI of VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) expression was performed with a targeted contrast agent, in addition to MR angiography, and diffusion-, T2- and perfusion-weighted MRI, from 1 hour until 96 hours after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.RESULTS: VCAM-1 expression, detected with susceptibility-weighted MRI, was significantly enhanced at 6 hours after recanalization as compared with 1-hour postrecanalization, coinciding with a transient decline in perfusion after initial hyperperfusion. VCAM-1 levels declined after 24 hours, but remained elevated, particularly in lesion borderzones.CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of molecular MRI of vascular inflammation into imaging protocols after acute ischemic stroke could provide complementary information that may guide treatment decision-making before and after recanalization therapy.
KW - Cell adhesion
KW - Inflammation
KW - Ischemic stroke
KW - Magnetic resonance imaging
KW - Perfusion
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85121040484&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1161/STROKEAHA.121.034910
DO - 10.1161/STROKEAHA.121.034910
M3 - Article
C2 - 34674544
SN - 0039-2499
VL - 52
SP - e788-e791
JO - Stroke
JF - Stroke
IS - 12
ER -