TY - JOUR
T1 - Microvascular and macrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes Ghanaian residents in Ghana and Europe
T2 - The RODAM study
AU - Hayfron-Benjamin, Charles
AU - van den Born, Bert-Jan
AU - Maitland-van der Zee, Anke H
AU - Amoah, Albert G B
AU - Meeks, Karlijn A C
AU - Klipstein-Grobusch, Kerstin
AU - Bahendeka, Silver
AU - Spranger, Joachim
AU - Danquah, Ina
AU - Mockenhaupt, Frank
AU - Beune, Erik
AU - Smeeth, Liam
AU - Agyemang, Charles
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the European Commission under the Framework Programme (Grant Number: 278901 ). K.M. is supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health in the Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health (CRGGH). The CRGGH is supported by the National Human Genome Research Institute , the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases , the Center for Information Technology , and the Office of the Director at the National Institutes of Health ( 1ZIAHG200362 ). The study sponsor was not involved in the design of the study; the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; writing the report; nor the decision to submit the report for publication.
Funding Information:
We are grateful to the research assistants, interviewers, and other staff of the 5 research locations who have taken part in gathering the data and, most of all, the Ghanaian volunteers participating in the RODAM study (Research on Obesity and Diabetes Among African Migrants). We gratefully acknowledge the advisory board members for their valuable support in shaping the RODAM study methods, Jan van Straalen from the Amsterdam University Medical Centre with standardization of the laboratory procedures, and the Amsterdam University Medical Centre Biobank for their support in biobank management and high-quality storage of collected samples. This work was supported by the European Commission under the Framework Programme (Grant Number: 278901). K.M. is supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health in the Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health (CRGGH). The CRGGH is supported by the National Human Genome Research Institute, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, the Center for Information Technology, and the Office of the Director at the National Institutes of Health (1ZIAHG200362). The study sponsor was not involved in the design of the study; the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; writing the report; nor the decision to submit the report for publication. All authors have contributed substantially to this article and approved the submission. C.H.-B. B.B. A.H.M. A.G.B.A. and C.A. conceived the idea. C.H.-B. E.B. and C.A. were responsible for data acquisition; C.H.-B. and C.A. were responsible for statistical analysis. C.H.-B. B.B. A.H.M. A.G.B.A. K.A.C.M. K.K.-G. S.B. J.S. I.D. F.M. E.B. L.S. and C.A. were responsible for data analysis/interpretation. Each author contributed important intellectual content during article drafting or revision and accepts accountability for the overall work by ensuring that questions pertaining to the accuracy or integrity of any portion of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. C.H.-B. takes responsibility for the fact that this study has been reported honestly, accurately and transparently, that no important aspects of the study have been omitted, and that any discrepancies from the study as planned have been explained.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2019/8
Y1 - 2019/8
N2 - AIMS: To compare microvascular and macrovascular complication rates among Ghanaians with type 2 diabetes (T2D) living in Ghana and in three European cities (Amsterdam, London and Berlin).METHODS: Data from the multicenter Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants (RODAM) study were analyzed. 650 Ghanaian participants with T2D (206 non-migrant and 444 migrants) were included. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association between migrant status and microvascular (nephropathy and retinopathy) and macrovascular (coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral artery disease (PAD) and stroke) complications with adjustment for age, gender, socioeconomic status, alcohol, smoking, physical activity, hypertension, BMI, total-cholesterol, and HbA1c.RESULTS: Microvascular and macrovascular complications rates were higher in non-migrant Ghanaians than in migrant Ghanaians (nephropathy 32.0% vs. 19.8%; PAD 11.2% vs. 3.4%; CAD 18.4% vs. 8.3%; and stroke 14.5% vs. 5.6%), except for self-reported retinopathy (11.0% vs. 21.6%). Except nephropathy and stroke, the differences persisted after adjustment for the above-mentioned covariates: PAD (OR 7.48; 95% CI, 2.16-25.90); CAD (2.32; 1.09-4.93); and retinopathy (0.23; 0.07-0.75).CONCLUSIONS: Except retinopathy, the rates of microvascular and macrovascular complications were higher in non-migrant than in migrant Ghanaians with T2D. Conventional cardiovascular risk factors did not explain the differences except for nephropathy and stroke.
AB - AIMS: To compare microvascular and macrovascular complication rates among Ghanaians with type 2 diabetes (T2D) living in Ghana and in three European cities (Amsterdam, London and Berlin).METHODS: Data from the multicenter Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants (RODAM) study were analyzed. 650 Ghanaian participants with T2D (206 non-migrant and 444 migrants) were included. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association between migrant status and microvascular (nephropathy and retinopathy) and macrovascular (coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral artery disease (PAD) and stroke) complications with adjustment for age, gender, socioeconomic status, alcohol, smoking, physical activity, hypertension, BMI, total-cholesterol, and HbA1c.RESULTS: Microvascular and macrovascular complications rates were higher in non-migrant Ghanaians than in migrant Ghanaians (nephropathy 32.0% vs. 19.8%; PAD 11.2% vs. 3.4%; CAD 18.4% vs. 8.3%; and stroke 14.5% vs. 5.6%), except for self-reported retinopathy (11.0% vs. 21.6%). Except nephropathy and stroke, the differences persisted after adjustment for the above-mentioned covariates: PAD (OR 7.48; 95% CI, 2.16-25.90); CAD (2.32; 1.09-4.93); and retinopathy (0.23; 0.07-0.75).CONCLUSIONS: Except retinopathy, the rates of microvascular and macrovascular complications were higher in non-migrant than in migrant Ghanaians with T2D. Conventional cardiovascular risk factors did not explain the differences except for nephropathy and stroke.
KW - Diabetes complications
KW - Ethnic minority groups
KW - Ghana
KW - Macrovascular
KW - Microvascular
KW - RODAM study
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85066407150&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2019.04.016
DO - 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2019.04.016
M3 - Article
C2 - 31167710
SN - 1056-8727
VL - 33
SP - 572
EP - 578
JO - Journal of Diabetes and its Complications
JF - Journal of Diabetes and its Complications
IS - 8
ER -