TY - JOUR
T1 - Long-term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Incidence of Brain Tumor
T2 - the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE)
AU - Andersen, Zorana Jovanovic
AU - Pedersen, Marie
AU - Weinmayr, Gudrun
AU - Stafoggia, Massimo
AU - Galassi, Claudia
AU - Jørgensen, Jeanette T.
AU - Sommar, Johan N
AU - Forsberg, Bertil
AU - Olsson, David
AU - Oftedal, Bente
AU - Aasvang, Gunn Marit
AU - Schwarze, Per E.
AU - Pyko, Andrei
AU - Pershagen, Göran
AU - Korek, Michal
AU - de Faire, Ulf
AU - Östenson, Claes Göran
AU - Fratiglioni, Laura
AU - Eriksen, Kirsten Thorup
AU - Poulsen, Aslak H
AU - Tjønneland, Anne
AU - Vaclavik Bräuner, Elvira
AU - Peeters, Petra H
AU - Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas
AU - Jaensch, Andrea
AU - Nagel, Gabriele
AU - Lang, Alois
AU - Wang, Meng
AU - Tsai, Ming Yi
AU - Grioni, Sara
AU - Marcon, Alessandro
AU - Krogh, Vittorio
AU - Ricceri, Fulvio
AU - Sacerdote, Carlotta
AU - Migliore, Enrica
AU - Vermeulen, Roel
AU - Sokhi, Ranjeet S.
AU - Keuken, Menno
AU - De Hoogh, Kees
AU - Beelen, Rob
AU - Vineis, Paolo
AU - Cesaroni, Giulia
AU - Brunekreef, Bert
AU - Hoek, Gerard
AU - Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 The Author(s).
PY - 2018/2/19
Y1 - 2018/2/19
N2 - Background. Epidemiological evidence on the association between ambient air pollution and brain tumor risk is sparse and inconsistent. Methods. In 12 cohorts from 6 European countries, individual estimates of annual mean air pollution levels at the baseline residence were estimated by standardized land-use regression models developed within the ESCAPE and TRANSPHORM projects: Particulate matter (PM) ≥2.5,≥10, and 2.5-10 FÊm in diameter (PM2.5, PM10, and PMcoarse), PM2.5 absorbance, nitrogen oxides (NO
2 and NO
x) and elemental composition of PM. We estimated cohort-specific associations of air pollutant concentrations and traffic intensity with total, malignant, and nonmalignant brain tumor, in separate Cox regression models, adjusting for risk factors, and pooled cohort-specific estimates using random-effects meta-analyses. Results. Of 282 194 subjects from 12 cohorts, 466 developed malignant brain tumors during 12 years of follow-up. Six of the cohorts also had data on nonmalignant brain tumor, where among 106 786 subjects, 366 developed brain tumor: 176 nonmalignant and 190 malignant. We found a positive, statistically nonsignificant association between malignant brain tumor and PM
2.5 absorbance (hazard ratio and 95% CI: 1.67; 0.89.3.14 per 10.5/m3), and weak positive or null associations with the other pollutants. Hazard ratio for PM
2.5 absorbance (1.01; 0.38.2.71 per 10
-5/m
3) and all other pollutants were lower for nonmalignant than for malignant brain tumors. Conclusion. We found suggestive evidence of an association between long-term exposure to PM
2.5 absorbance indicating traffic-related air pollution and malignant brain tumors, and no association with overall or nonmalignant brain tumors.
AB - Background. Epidemiological evidence on the association between ambient air pollution and brain tumor risk is sparse and inconsistent. Methods. In 12 cohorts from 6 European countries, individual estimates of annual mean air pollution levels at the baseline residence were estimated by standardized land-use regression models developed within the ESCAPE and TRANSPHORM projects: Particulate matter (PM) ≥2.5,≥10, and 2.5-10 FÊm in diameter (PM2.5, PM10, and PMcoarse), PM2.5 absorbance, nitrogen oxides (NO
2 and NO
x) and elemental composition of PM. We estimated cohort-specific associations of air pollutant concentrations and traffic intensity with total, malignant, and nonmalignant brain tumor, in separate Cox regression models, adjusting for risk factors, and pooled cohort-specific estimates using random-effects meta-analyses. Results. Of 282 194 subjects from 12 cohorts, 466 developed malignant brain tumors during 12 years of follow-up. Six of the cohorts also had data on nonmalignant brain tumor, where among 106 786 subjects, 366 developed brain tumor: 176 nonmalignant and 190 malignant. We found a positive, statistically nonsignificant association between malignant brain tumor and PM
2.5 absorbance (hazard ratio and 95% CI: 1.67; 0.89.3.14 per 10.5/m3), and weak positive or null associations with the other pollutants. Hazard ratio for PM
2.5 absorbance (1.01; 0.38.2.71 per 10
-5/m
3) and all other pollutants were lower for nonmalignant than for malignant brain tumors. Conclusion. We found suggestive evidence of an association between long-term exposure to PM
2.5 absorbance indicating traffic-related air pollution and malignant brain tumors, and no association with overall or nonmalignant brain tumors.
KW - air pollution
KW - brain cancer
KW - brain tumor
KW - traffic
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85042325926&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/neuonc/nox163
DO - 10.1093/neuonc/nox163
M3 - Article
C2 - 29016987
SN - 1522-8517
VL - 20
SP - 420
EP - 432
JO - Neuro-Oncology
JF - Neuro-Oncology
IS - 3
ER -