Intestinal microbiota composition after antibiotic treatment in early life: the INCA study

N B M M Rutten; G T Rijkers; C B Meijssen; C E Crijns; J H Oudshoorn; C K van der Ent; A M Vlieger; CK van der Ent

doi:10.1186/s12887-015-0519-0

Intestinal microbiota composition after antibiotic treatment in early life: the INCA study

N B M M Rutten, G T Rijkers, C B Meijssen, C E Crijns, J H Oudshoorn, C K van der Ent, A M Vlieger, CK van der Ent

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The acquisition and development of infant gut microbiota can be influenced by numerous factors, of which early antibiotic treatment is an important one. However, studies on the effects of antibiotic treatment in early life on clinical outcomes and establishment and development of the gut microbiota of term infants are limited. Disturbed microbiota composition is hypothesized to be an underlying mechanism of an aberrant development of the immune system. This study aims to investigate the potential clinical and microbial consequences of empiric antibiotic use in early life.

METHODS/DESIGN: 450 term born infants, of whom 150 are exposed to antibiotic treatment in early life and 300 are not (control group), are included in this observational cohort study with a one-year follow-up. Clinical outcomes, including coughing, wheezing, fever >38 °C, runny nose, glue ear, rash, diarrhea and >3 crying hours a day, are recorded daily by parents and examined by previously defined doctor's diagnosis. A blood sample is taken at closure to investigate the infant's vaccination response and sensitization for food and inhalant allergens. Fecal samples are obtained at eight time points during the first year of life. Potential differences in microbial profiles of infants treated with antibiotics versus healthy controls will be determined by use of 16S-23S rRNA gene analysis (IS-pro). Microbiota composition will be described by means of abundance, diversity and (dis)similarity. Diversity is calculated using the Shannon index. Dissimilarities between samples are calculated as the cosine distance between each pair of samples and analyzed with principal coordinate analysis. Clinical variables and possible associations are assessed by appropriate statistics.

DISCUSSION: Both clinical quantitative and qualitative microbial effects of antibiotic treatment in early life may be demonstrated. These findings can be important, since there is evidence that manipulation of the infant microbiota by using pre- or probiotics can restore the ecological balance of the microbiota and may mitigate potential negative effects on the developing immune system, when use of antibiotics cannot be avoided.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02536560 . Registered 28 August 2015.

Original language	English
Article number	15:204
Number of pages	8
Journal	BMC Pediatrics [E]
Volume	15
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-015-0519-0
Publication status	Published - 2015

Keywords

Allergic diseases
Antibiotics
Infant
Intestinal microbiota
Microbiota profiling

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10.1186/s12887-015-0519-0

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title = "Intestinal microbiota composition after antibiotic treatment in early life: the INCA study",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: The acquisition and development of infant gut microbiota can be influenced by numerous factors, of which early antibiotic treatment is an important one. However, studies on the effects of antibiotic treatment in early life on clinical outcomes and establishment and development of the gut microbiota of term infants are limited. Disturbed microbiota composition is hypothesized to be an underlying mechanism of an aberrant development of the immune system. This study aims to investigate the potential clinical and microbial consequences of empiric antibiotic use in early life.METHODS/DESIGN: 450 term born infants, of whom 150 are exposed to antibiotic treatment in early life and 300 are not (control group), are included in this observational cohort study with a one-year follow-up. Clinical outcomes, including coughing, wheezing, fever >38 °C, runny nose, glue ear, rash, diarrhea and >3 crying hours a day, are recorded daily by parents and examined by previously defined doctor's diagnosis. A blood sample is taken at closure to investigate the infant's vaccination response and sensitization for food and inhalant allergens. Fecal samples are obtained at eight time points during the first year of life. Potential differences in microbial profiles of infants treated with antibiotics versus healthy controls will be determined by use of 16S-23S rRNA gene analysis (IS-pro). Microbiota composition will be described by means of abundance, diversity and (dis)similarity. Diversity is calculated using the Shannon index. Dissimilarities between samples are calculated as the cosine distance between each pair of samples and analyzed with principal coordinate analysis. Clinical variables and possible associations are assessed by appropriate statistics.DISCUSSION: Both clinical quantitative and qualitative microbial effects of antibiotic treatment in early life may be demonstrated. These findings can be important, since there is evidence that manipulation of the infant microbiota by using pre- or probiotics can restore the ecological balance of the microbiota and may mitigate potential negative effects on the developing immune system, when use of antibiotics cannot be avoided.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02536560 . Registered 28 August 2015.",

keywords = "Allergic diseases, Antibiotics, Infant, Intestinal microbiota, Microbiota profiling",

author = "Rutten, {N B M M} and Rijkers, {G T} and Meijssen, {C B} and Crijns, {C E} and Oudshoorn, {J H} and {van der Ent}, {C K} and Vlieger, {A M} and {van der Ent}, CK",

year = "2015",

doi = "10.1186/s12887-015-0519-0",

language = "English",

volume = "15",

journal = "BMC Pediatrics [E]",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Intestinal microbiota composition after antibiotic treatment in early life

T2 - the INCA study

AU - Rutten, N B M M

AU - Rijkers, G T

AU - Meijssen, C B

AU - Crijns, C E

AU - Oudshoorn, J H

AU - van der Ent, C K

AU - Vlieger, A M

AU - van der Ent, CK

PY - 2015

Y1 - 2015

N2 - BACKGROUND: The acquisition and development of infant gut microbiota can be influenced by numerous factors, of which early antibiotic treatment is an important one. However, studies on the effects of antibiotic treatment in early life on clinical outcomes and establishment and development of the gut microbiota of term infants are limited. Disturbed microbiota composition is hypothesized to be an underlying mechanism of an aberrant development of the immune system. This study aims to investigate the potential clinical and microbial consequences of empiric antibiotic use in early life.METHODS/DESIGN: 450 term born infants, of whom 150 are exposed to antibiotic treatment in early life and 300 are not (control group), are included in this observational cohort study with a one-year follow-up. Clinical outcomes, including coughing, wheezing, fever >38 °C, runny nose, glue ear, rash, diarrhea and >3 crying hours a day, are recorded daily by parents and examined by previously defined doctor's diagnosis. A blood sample is taken at closure to investigate the infant's vaccination response and sensitization for food and inhalant allergens. Fecal samples are obtained at eight time points during the first year of life. Potential differences in microbial profiles of infants treated with antibiotics versus healthy controls will be determined by use of 16S-23S rRNA gene analysis (IS-pro). Microbiota composition will be described by means of abundance, diversity and (dis)similarity. Diversity is calculated using the Shannon index. Dissimilarities between samples are calculated as the cosine distance between each pair of samples and analyzed with principal coordinate analysis. Clinical variables and possible associations are assessed by appropriate statistics.DISCUSSION: Both clinical quantitative and qualitative microbial effects of antibiotic treatment in early life may be demonstrated. These findings can be important, since there is evidence that manipulation of the infant microbiota by using pre- or probiotics can restore the ecological balance of the microbiota and may mitigate potential negative effects on the developing immune system, when use of antibiotics cannot be avoided.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02536560 . Registered 28 August 2015.

AB - BACKGROUND: The acquisition and development of infant gut microbiota can be influenced by numerous factors, of which early antibiotic treatment is an important one. However, studies on the effects of antibiotic treatment in early life on clinical outcomes and establishment and development of the gut microbiota of term infants are limited. Disturbed microbiota composition is hypothesized to be an underlying mechanism of an aberrant development of the immune system. This study aims to investigate the potential clinical and microbial consequences of empiric antibiotic use in early life.METHODS/DESIGN: 450 term born infants, of whom 150 are exposed to antibiotic treatment in early life and 300 are not (control group), are included in this observational cohort study with a one-year follow-up. Clinical outcomes, including coughing, wheezing, fever >38 °C, runny nose, glue ear, rash, diarrhea and >3 crying hours a day, are recorded daily by parents and examined by previously defined doctor's diagnosis. A blood sample is taken at closure to investigate the infant's vaccination response and sensitization for food and inhalant allergens. Fecal samples are obtained at eight time points during the first year of life. Potential differences in microbial profiles of infants treated with antibiotics versus healthy controls will be determined by use of 16S-23S rRNA gene analysis (IS-pro). Microbiota composition will be described by means of abundance, diversity and (dis)similarity. Diversity is calculated using the Shannon index. Dissimilarities between samples are calculated as the cosine distance between each pair of samples and analyzed with principal coordinate analysis. Clinical variables and possible associations are assessed by appropriate statistics.DISCUSSION: Both clinical quantitative and qualitative microbial effects of antibiotic treatment in early life may be demonstrated. These findings can be important, since there is evidence that manipulation of the infant microbiota by using pre- or probiotics can restore the ecological balance of the microbiota and may mitigate potential negative effects on the developing immune system, when use of antibiotics cannot be avoided.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02536560 . Registered 28 August 2015.

KW - Allergic diseases

KW - Antibiotics

KW - Infant

KW - Intestinal microbiota

KW - Microbiota profiling

U2 - 10.1186/s12887-015-0519-0

DO - 10.1186/s12887-015-0519-0

M3 - Article

C2 - 26645894

SN - 1471-2431

VL - 15

JO - BMC Pediatrics [E]

JF - BMC Pediatrics [E]

M1 - 15:204

ER -

Intestinal microbiota composition after antibiotic treatment in early life: the INCA study

Abstract

Keywords

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