Insulin resistance and cognitive performance in type 2 diabetes: The Maastricht study

Stefan L C Geijselaers; Simone J S Sep; Miranda T Schram; Martin P J van Boxtel; Ronald M A Henry; Frans R J Verhey; Abraham A Kroon; Nicolaas C Schaper; Pieter C Dagnelie; Carla J H van der Kallen; Coen D A Stehouwer; Geert Jan Biessels

doi:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.01.020

Insulin resistance and cognitive performance in type 2 diabetes: The Maastricht study

Stefan L C Geijselaers
, Simone J S Sep
, Miranda T Schram
, Martin P J van Boxtel
, Ronald M A Henry
, Frans R J Verhey
, Abraham A Kroon
, Nicolaas C Schaper
, Pieter C Dagnelie
, Carla J H van der Kallen
, Coen D A Stehouwer
, Geert Jan Biessels

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

AIMS: Type 2 diabetes, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance are associated with cognitive impairment. Experimental studies indicate that insulin signaling in the brain is related to cognitive performance. Here we evaluated whether insulin-related variables contribute to the variance in cognitive performance among individuals with type 2 diabetes.

METHODS: A total of 806 individuals with type 2 diabetes (mean age 62±8years, HbA1c 6.9±1.1%) completed a neuropsychological test battery. Insulin-related variables evaluated were: fasting plasma insulin, C-peptide, and the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA2-IR; in individuals without insulin treatment; n=641). The unadjusted coefficient of determination (R(2)), obtained from multiple linear regression analyses, was used to estimate the proportion of variance in cognition explained by insulin-related variables.

RESULTS: Sex, age, and educational level together explained 18.0% (R(2)) of the variance in memory function, 26.5% in information processing speed, and 22.8% in executive function and attention. Fasting insulin, C-peptide, or HOMA2-IR did not increase the explained variance (maximum ΔR(2) 0.3%, P≥0.14). Similar results were obtained when insulin-related variables were added to models that additionally included glycemic control, cardiovascular risk factors, and depression.

CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that measures of peripheral insulin resistance are unrelated to cognitive performance among individuals with adequately controlled type 2 diabetes.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	824-830
Number of pages	7
Journal	Journal of Diabetes and its Complications
Volume	31
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.01.020
Publication status	Published - May 2017

Keywords

C-peptide
Cognitive performance
Fasting insulin
Insulin resistance
Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Access to Document

10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.01.020

Cite this

Geijselaers, S. L. C., Sep, S. J. S., Schram, M. T., van Boxtel, M. P. J., Henry, R. M. A., Verhey, F. R. J., Kroon, A. A., Schaper, N. C., Dagnelie, P. C., van der Kallen, C. J. H., Stehouwer, C. D. A., & Biessels, G. J. (2017). Insulin resistance and cognitive performance in type 2 diabetes: The Maastricht study. Journal of Diabetes and its Complications, 31(5), 824-830. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.01.020

@article{69e7e127751546019628ae590fdac5f1,

title = "Insulin resistance and cognitive performance in type 2 diabetes: The Maastricht study",

abstract = "AIMS: Type 2 diabetes, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance are associated with cognitive impairment. Experimental studies indicate that insulin signaling in the brain is related to cognitive performance. Here we evaluated whether insulin-related variables contribute to the variance in cognitive performance among individuals with type 2 diabetes.METHODS: A total of 806 individuals with type 2 diabetes (mean age 62±8years, HbA1c 6.9±1.1\%) completed a neuropsychological test battery. Insulin-related variables evaluated were: fasting plasma insulin, C-peptide, and the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA2-IR; in individuals without insulin treatment; n=641). The unadjusted coefficient of determination (R(2)), obtained from multiple linear regression analyses, was used to estimate the proportion of variance in cognition explained by insulin-related variables.RESULTS: Sex, age, and educational level together explained 18.0\% (R(2)) of the variance in memory function, 26.5\% in information processing speed, and 22.8\% in executive function and attention. Fasting insulin, C-peptide, or HOMA2-IR did not increase the explained variance (maximum ΔR(2) 0.3\%, P≥0.14). Similar results were obtained when insulin-related variables were added to models that additionally included glycemic control, cardiovascular risk factors, and depression.CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that measures of peripheral insulin resistance are unrelated to cognitive performance among individuals with adequately controlled type 2 diabetes.",

keywords = "C-peptide, Cognitive performance, Fasting insulin, Insulin resistance, Type 2 diabetes mellitus",

author = "Geijselaers, \{Stefan L C\} and Sep, \{Simone J S\} and Schram, \{Miranda T\} and \{van Boxtel\}, \{Martin P J\} and Henry, \{Ronald M A\} and Verhey, \{Frans R J\} and Kroon, \{Abraham A\} and Schaper, \{Nicolaas C\} and Dagnelie, \{Pieter C\} and \{van der Kallen\}, \{Carla J H\} and Stehouwer, \{Coen D A\} and Biessels, \{Geert Jan\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 Elsevier Inc.",

year = "2017",

month = may,

doi = "10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.01.020",

language = "English",

volume = "31",

pages = "824--830",

journal = "Journal of Diabetes and its Complications",

issn = "1056-8727",

publisher = "Elsevier",

number = "5",

}

Geijselaers, SLC, Sep, SJS, Schram, MT, van Boxtel, MPJ, Henry, RMA, Verhey, FRJ, Kroon, AA, Schaper, NC, Dagnelie, PC, van der Kallen, CJH, Stehouwer, CDA & Biessels, GJ 2017, 'Insulin resistance and cognitive performance in type 2 diabetes: The Maastricht study', Journal of Diabetes and its Complications, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 824-830. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.01.020

TY - JOUR

T1 - Insulin resistance and cognitive performance in type 2 diabetes

T2 - The Maastricht study

AU - Geijselaers, Stefan L C

AU - Sep, Simone J S

AU - Schram, Miranda T

AU - van Boxtel, Martin P J

AU - Henry, Ronald M A

AU - Verhey, Frans R J

AU - Kroon, Abraham A

AU - Schaper, Nicolaas C

AU - Dagnelie, Pieter C

AU - van der Kallen, Carla J H

AU - Stehouwer, Coen D A

AU - Biessels, Geert Jan

PY - 2017/5

Y1 - 2017/5

N2 - AIMS: Type 2 diabetes, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance are associated with cognitive impairment. Experimental studies indicate that insulin signaling in the brain is related to cognitive performance. Here we evaluated whether insulin-related variables contribute to the variance in cognitive performance among individuals with type 2 diabetes.METHODS: A total of 806 individuals with type 2 diabetes (mean age 62±8years, HbA1c 6.9±1.1%) completed a neuropsychological test battery. Insulin-related variables evaluated were: fasting plasma insulin, C-peptide, and the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA2-IR; in individuals without insulin treatment; n=641). The unadjusted coefficient of determination (R(2)), obtained from multiple linear regression analyses, was used to estimate the proportion of variance in cognition explained by insulin-related variables.RESULTS: Sex, age, and educational level together explained 18.0% (R(2)) of the variance in memory function, 26.5% in information processing speed, and 22.8% in executive function and attention. Fasting insulin, C-peptide, or HOMA2-IR did not increase the explained variance (maximum ΔR(2) 0.3%, P≥0.14). Similar results were obtained when insulin-related variables were added to models that additionally included glycemic control, cardiovascular risk factors, and depression.CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that measures of peripheral insulin resistance are unrelated to cognitive performance among individuals with adequately controlled type 2 diabetes.

AB - AIMS: Type 2 diabetes, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance are associated with cognitive impairment. Experimental studies indicate that insulin signaling in the brain is related to cognitive performance. Here we evaluated whether insulin-related variables contribute to the variance in cognitive performance among individuals with type 2 diabetes.METHODS: A total of 806 individuals with type 2 diabetes (mean age 62±8years, HbA1c 6.9±1.1%) completed a neuropsychological test battery. Insulin-related variables evaluated were: fasting plasma insulin, C-peptide, and the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA2-IR; in individuals without insulin treatment; n=641). The unadjusted coefficient of determination (R(2)), obtained from multiple linear regression analyses, was used to estimate the proportion of variance in cognition explained by insulin-related variables.RESULTS: Sex, age, and educational level together explained 18.0% (R(2)) of the variance in memory function, 26.5% in information processing speed, and 22.8% in executive function and attention. Fasting insulin, C-peptide, or HOMA2-IR did not increase the explained variance (maximum ΔR(2) 0.3%, P≥0.14). Similar results were obtained when insulin-related variables were added to models that additionally included glycemic control, cardiovascular risk factors, and depression.CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that measures of peripheral insulin resistance are unrelated to cognitive performance among individuals with adequately controlled type 2 diabetes.

KW - C-peptide

KW - Cognitive performance

KW - Fasting insulin

KW - Insulin resistance

KW - Type 2 diabetes mellitus

U2 - 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.01.020

DO - 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.01.020

M3 - Article

C2 - 28319003

SN - 1056-8727

VL - 31

SP - 824

EP - 830

JO - Journal of Diabetes and its Complications

JF - Journal of Diabetes and its Complications

IS - 5

ER -

Insulin resistance and cognitive performance in type 2 diabetes: The Maastricht study

Abstract

Keywords

Access to Document

Fingerprint

Cite this