TY - JOUR
T1 - Insulin resistance and cognitive performance in type 2 diabetes
T2 - The Maastricht study
AU - Geijselaers, Stefan L C
AU - Sep, Simone J S
AU - Schram, Miranda T
AU - van Boxtel, Martin P J
AU - Henry, Ronald M A
AU - Verhey, Frans R J
AU - Kroon, Abraham A
AU - Schaper, Nicolaas C
AU - Dagnelie, Pieter C
AU - van der Kallen, Carla J H
AU - Stehouwer, Coen D A
AU - Biessels, Geert Jan
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2017/5
Y1 - 2017/5
N2 - AIMS: Type 2 diabetes, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance are associated with cognitive impairment. Experimental studies indicate that insulin signaling in the brain is related to cognitive performance. Here we evaluated whether insulin-related variables contribute to the variance in cognitive performance among individuals with type 2 diabetes.METHODS: A total of 806 individuals with type 2 diabetes (mean age 62±8years, HbA1c 6.9±1.1%) completed a neuropsychological test battery. Insulin-related variables evaluated were: fasting plasma insulin, C-peptide, and the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA2-IR; in individuals without insulin treatment; n=641). The unadjusted coefficient of determination (R(2)), obtained from multiple linear regression analyses, was used to estimate the proportion of variance in cognition explained by insulin-related variables.RESULTS: Sex, age, and educational level together explained 18.0% (R(2)) of the variance in memory function, 26.5% in information processing speed, and 22.8% in executive function and attention. Fasting insulin, C-peptide, or HOMA2-IR did not increase the explained variance (maximum ΔR(2) 0.3%, P≥0.14). Similar results were obtained when insulin-related variables were added to models that additionally included glycemic control, cardiovascular risk factors, and depression.CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that measures of peripheral insulin resistance are unrelated to cognitive performance among individuals with adequately controlled type 2 diabetes.
AB - AIMS: Type 2 diabetes, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance are associated with cognitive impairment. Experimental studies indicate that insulin signaling in the brain is related to cognitive performance. Here we evaluated whether insulin-related variables contribute to the variance in cognitive performance among individuals with type 2 diabetes.METHODS: A total of 806 individuals with type 2 diabetes (mean age 62±8years, HbA1c 6.9±1.1%) completed a neuropsychological test battery. Insulin-related variables evaluated were: fasting plasma insulin, C-peptide, and the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA2-IR; in individuals without insulin treatment; n=641). The unadjusted coefficient of determination (R(2)), obtained from multiple linear regression analyses, was used to estimate the proportion of variance in cognition explained by insulin-related variables.RESULTS: Sex, age, and educational level together explained 18.0% (R(2)) of the variance in memory function, 26.5% in information processing speed, and 22.8% in executive function and attention. Fasting insulin, C-peptide, or HOMA2-IR did not increase the explained variance (maximum ΔR(2) 0.3%, P≥0.14). Similar results were obtained when insulin-related variables were added to models that additionally included glycemic control, cardiovascular risk factors, and depression.CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that measures of peripheral insulin resistance are unrelated to cognitive performance among individuals with adequately controlled type 2 diabetes.
KW - C-peptide
KW - Cognitive performance
KW - Fasting insulin
KW - Insulin resistance
KW - Type 2 diabetes mellitus
U2 - 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.01.020
DO - 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.01.020
M3 - Article
C2 - 28319003
SN - 1056-8727
VL - 31
SP - 824
EP - 830
JO - Journal of Diabetes and its Complications
JF - Journal of Diabetes and its Complications
IS - 5
ER -