TY - JOUR
T1 - Increased cardiovascular disease risk in women with a history of recurrent miscarriage
AU - Wagner, Marise M
AU - Beshay, Mary M
AU - Rooijakkers, Sophie
AU - Hermes, Wietske
AU - Jukema, J Wouter
AU - Le Cessie, Saskia
AU - De Groot, Christianne J M
AU - Ballieux, Bart E P B
AU - Van Lith, Jan M M
AU - Bloemenkamp, Kitty W M
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding Departments of Obstetrics and Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center. The authors would like to acknowledge the research nurses Clara Kolster and Marjolein Bourgogne who helped with the assessment of the risk factor screening and Prof. Dr. J. P. Vandenbroucke (clinical epidemiologist) for his advice (Leiden University Medical Center).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 The Authors. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Nordic Federation of Societies of Obstetrics and Gynecology (NFOG).
PY - 2018/10
Y1 - 2018/10
N2 - INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in women. Observational studies suggest that women with a history of recurrent miscarriage have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Women who visited the recurrent miscarriage clinic at Leiden University Medical Center between 2000 and 2010 and who had their third consecutive miscarriage before the age of 31 years, were invited to participate in this follow-up study (between 2012 and 2014). The reference group consisted of women with at least one uncomplicated pregnancy and no miscarriage, matched by zip code, age, and date of pregnancy. All women were invited for risk factor screening, including physical examination and blood collection. Main outcome measures were the (extrapolated) 10- and 30-year cardiovascular risk scores using the Framingham risk score. A subanalysis was performed for women with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage.RESULTS: Thirty-six women were included in both groups. Mean follow up was 7.5 years. Women with recurrent miscarriage had a significantly higher extrapolated 10-year cardiovascular risk score (mean 6.24%, SD 5.44) compared with women with no miscarriage (mean 3.56%, SD 1.82, P = .007) and a significantly higher 30-year cardiovascular risk score (mean 9.86%, SD 9.10) compared with women with no miscarriage (mean 6.39%, SD 4.20, P = .04). Similar results were found in women with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage (n = 28).CONCLUSIONS: Women with a history of recurrent miscarriage differ in cardiovascular risk profile at a young age compared with women with no miscarriage. The findings support an opportunity to identify women at risk of cardiovascular disease later in life and a possible moment for intervention.
AB - INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in women. Observational studies suggest that women with a history of recurrent miscarriage have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Women who visited the recurrent miscarriage clinic at Leiden University Medical Center between 2000 and 2010 and who had their third consecutive miscarriage before the age of 31 years, were invited to participate in this follow-up study (between 2012 and 2014). The reference group consisted of women with at least one uncomplicated pregnancy and no miscarriage, matched by zip code, age, and date of pregnancy. All women were invited for risk factor screening, including physical examination and blood collection. Main outcome measures were the (extrapolated) 10- and 30-year cardiovascular risk scores using the Framingham risk score. A subanalysis was performed for women with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage.RESULTS: Thirty-six women were included in both groups. Mean follow up was 7.5 years. Women with recurrent miscarriage had a significantly higher extrapolated 10-year cardiovascular risk score (mean 6.24%, SD 5.44) compared with women with no miscarriage (mean 3.56%, SD 1.82, P = .007) and a significantly higher 30-year cardiovascular risk score (mean 9.86%, SD 9.10) compared with women with no miscarriage (mean 6.39%, SD 4.20, P = .04). Similar results were found in women with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage (n = 28).CONCLUSIONS: Women with a history of recurrent miscarriage differ in cardiovascular risk profile at a young age compared with women with no miscarriage. The findings support an opportunity to identify women at risk of cardiovascular disease later in life and a possible moment for intervention.
KW - Framingham
KW - cardiovascular disease
KW - pregnancy
KW - prevention
KW - recurrent miscarriage
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85052984178&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/aogs.13392
DO - 10.1111/aogs.13392
M3 - Article
C2 - 29806956
SN - 0001-6349
VL - 97
SP - 1192
EP - 1199
JO - Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
JF - Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
IS - 10
ER -