TY - JOUR
T1 - Impact of blood pressure lowering on cardiovascular outcomes in normal weight, overweight, and obese individuals
T2 - the Perindopril Protection Against Recurrent Stroke Study trial
AU - Czernichow, Sébastien
AU - Ninomiya, Toshiharu
AU - Huxley, Rachel R
AU - Kengne, André-Pascal
AU - Batty, George David
AU - Grobbee, Diederick E
AU - Woodward, Mark
AU - Neal, Bruce
AU - Chalmers, John
PY - 2010
Y1 - 2010
N2 - There is considerable uncertainty regarding the efficacy of blood pressure-lowering therapy in reducing cardiovascular risk in obese people. In this report we examine the effects of blood pressure lowering according to baseline body mass index (kilograms per meter squared) in the Perindopril Protection Against Recurrent Stroke Study. A total of 6105 participants with cerebrovascular disease were randomized to perindopril-based blood pressure-lowering therapy or placebo. The overall mean difference in systolic/diastolic blood pressure between participants assigned active therapy or placebo was 9/4 mm Hg (SE: 0.5/0.3 mm Hg), with no difference by body mass index quarters (<23.1, 23.1 to 25.3, 25.4 to 27.8, and > or = 27.9 kg/m(2)). A consistent treatment benefit was demonstrated for protection against major vascular events across quarters with the following hazard ratios (95% CIs): 0.80 (0.62 to 1.02), 0.78 (0.61 to 1.01), 0.67 (0.53 to 0.86), 0.69 (0.54 to 0.88), and 0.74 (0.66 to 0.84; P for heterogeneity=0.16). Similar results were apparent for stroke and stroke subtypes (all P for heterogeneity > or = 0.07) or with the standard definitions of overweight and obesity (<25, 25 to 29, and > or = 30 kg/m(2); all P for heterogeneity > or = 0.28). The absolute effects of treatment were, however, more than twice that in the highest compared with the lowest body mass index quartile. Across increasing quarters of body mass index over 5 years, active therapy prevented 1 major vascular event among every 28, 23, 13, and 13 patients treated. In conclusion, blood pressure-lowering therapy produced comparable risk reductions in vascular disease across the whole range of body mass indices in participants with a history of stroke. However, the greater baseline level of cardiovascular risk in those with higher body mass index meant that these patients obtained the greatest benefit.
AB - There is considerable uncertainty regarding the efficacy of blood pressure-lowering therapy in reducing cardiovascular risk in obese people. In this report we examine the effects of blood pressure lowering according to baseline body mass index (kilograms per meter squared) in the Perindopril Protection Against Recurrent Stroke Study. A total of 6105 participants with cerebrovascular disease were randomized to perindopril-based blood pressure-lowering therapy or placebo. The overall mean difference in systolic/diastolic blood pressure between participants assigned active therapy or placebo was 9/4 mm Hg (SE: 0.5/0.3 mm Hg), with no difference by body mass index quarters (<23.1, 23.1 to 25.3, 25.4 to 27.8, and > or = 27.9 kg/m(2)). A consistent treatment benefit was demonstrated for protection against major vascular events across quarters with the following hazard ratios (95% CIs): 0.80 (0.62 to 1.02), 0.78 (0.61 to 1.01), 0.67 (0.53 to 0.86), 0.69 (0.54 to 0.88), and 0.74 (0.66 to 0.84; P for heterogeneity=0.16). Similar results were apparent for stroke and stroke subtypes (all P for heterogeneity > or = 0.07) or with the standard definitions of overweight and obesity (<25, 25 to 29, and > or = 30 kg/m(2); all P for heterogeneity > or = 0.28). The absolute effects of treatment were, however, more than twice that in the highest compared with the lowest body mass index quartile. Across increasing quarters of body mass index over 5 years, active therapy prevented 1 major vascular event among every 28, 23, 13, and 13 patients treated. In conclusion, blood pressure-lowering therapy produced comparable risk reductions in vascular disease across the whole range of body mass indices in participants with a history of stroke. However, the greater baseline level of cardiovascular risk in those with higher body mass index meant that these patients obtained the greatest benefit.
KW - Aged
KW - Antihypertensive Agents
KW - Body Weight
KW - Cardiovascular Diseases
KW - Female
KW - Humans
KW - Ischemic Attack, Transient
KW - Male
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Obesity
KW - Overweight
KW - Perindopril
KW - Placebos
KW - Proportional Hazards Models
KW - Recurrence
KW - Risk Reduction Behavior
KW - Stroke
KW - Journal Article
KW - Multicenter Study
KW - Randomized Controlled Trial
KW - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
U2 - 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.140624
DO - 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.140624
M3 - Article
C2 - 20212271
SN - 0194-911X
VL - 55
SP - 1193
EP - 1198
JO - Hypertension
JF - Hypertension
IS - 5
ER -