Het metabool syndroom bij kinderen en jongeren: Het belang van monitoring bij een behandeling met atypische antipsychotica

Background: A substantial increase in the use of second-generation or atypical antipsychotics in young persons has occurred. This use has been associated in children and adolescents with metabolic disturbances. Objective: This article reviews the literature concerning the metabolic side effects of second-generation antipsychotics based on the consensus definition of the metabolic syndrome in youngsters. Method: A literature search on the definition of the metabolic syndrome in youngsters and the metabolic side effects of second-generation antipsychotics in children and adolescents was performed. Results: Little is known about the metabolic long term risks due to the use of atypical antipsychotics in children and adolescents. Only the risk of a weight gain is proven to be significant. Based on the definition of the Metabolic Syndrome in children and adolescents, suggested bij the International Diabetes Federation, we discuss the different components of this consensus and assess its applicability on Belgian youngsters. We suggest a safety protocol in clinical practice for monitoring metabolic side effects of second-generation antipsychotics. Conclusions: No consensus does exist concerning the metabolic long term risks due to the use of atypical antipsychotics in children and adolescents. Until further research is performed we advise carefulness and follow-up while prescribing this medication to youngsters.