TY - JOUR
T1 - Granzymes regulate proinflammatory cytokine responses
AU - Wensink, Annette C.
AU - Hack, C. Erik
AU - Bovenschen, Niels
PY - 2015/1/1
Y1 - 2015/1/1
N2 - Granzymes (Grs) are serine proteases mainly produced by cytotoxic lymphocytes and are traditionally considered to cause apoptosis in tumor cells and virally infected cells. However, the cytotoxicity of several Grs is currently being debated, and additional, predominantly extracellular, functions of Grs in inflammation are emerging. Extracellular soluble Grs are elevated in the circulation of patients with autoimmune diseases and infections. Additionally, Grs are expressed by several types of immune cells other than cytotoxic lymphocytes. Recent research has revealed novel immunomodulatory functions of Grs. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview on the role of Grs in inflammation, highlighting their role in cytokine induction and processing.
AB - Granzymes (Grs) are serine proteases mainly produced by cytotoxic lymphocytes and are traditionally considered to cause apoptosis in tumor cells and virally infected cells. However, the cytotoxicity of several Grs is currently being debated, and additional, predominantly extracellular, functions of Grs in inflammation are emerging. Extracellular soluble Grs are elevated in the circulation of patients with autoimmune diseases and infections. Additionally, Grs are expressed by several types of immune cells other than cytotoxic lymphocytes. Recent research has revealed novel immunomodulatory functions of Grs. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview on the role of Grs in inflammation, highlighting their role in cytokine induction and processing.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84920432633&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.4049/jimmunol.1401214
DO - 10.4049/jimmunol.1401214
M3 - Article
C2 - 25556251
AN - SCOPUS:84920432633
SN - 0022-1767
VL - 194
SP - 491
EP - 497
JO - Journal of Immunology
JF - Journal of Immunology
IS - 2
ER -