Fully implanted brain-computer interface in a locked-in patient with ALS

Mariska J. Vansteensel; Elmar G M Pels; Martin G. Bleichner; Mariana P.  Branco; Timothy Denison; Zachary V. Freudenburg; Peter Gosselaar; Sacha Leinders; Thomas H. Ottens; Max A. Van Den Boom; Peter C. Van Rijen; Erik J. Aarnoutse; Nick F. Ramsey

doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1608085

Fully implanted brain-computer interface in a locked-in patient with ALS

Mariska J. Vansteensel, Elmar G M Pels, Martin G. Bleichner, Mariana P. Branco, Timothy Denison, Zachary V. Freudenburg, Peter Gosselaar, Sacha Leinders, Thomas H. Ottens, Max A. Van Den Boom, Peter C. Van Rijen, Erik J. Aarnoutse, Nick F. Ramsey^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

Options for people with severe paralysis who have lost the ability to communicate orally are limited. We describe a method for communication in a patient with late-stage amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), involving a fully implanted brain-computer interface that consists of subdural electrodes placed over the motor cortex and a transmitter placed subcutaneously in the left side of the thorax. By attempting to move the hand on the side opposite the implanted electrodes, the patient accurately and independently controlled a computer typing program 28 weeks after electrode placement, at the equivalent of two letters per minute. The brain-computer interface offered autonomous communication that supplemented and at times supplanted the patient's eye-tracking device.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2060-2066
Number of pages	7
Journal	New England Journal of Medicine
Volume	375
Issue number	21
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1608085
Publication status	Published - 24 Nov 2016

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Vansteensel, M. J., Pels, E. G. M., Bleichner, M. G., Branco, M. P., Denison, T., Freudenburg, Z. V., Gosselaar, P., Leinders, S., Ottens, T. H., Van Den Boom, M. A., Van Rijen, P. C., Aarnoutse, E. J., & Ramsey, N. F. (2016). Fully implanted brain-computer interface in a locked-in patient with ALS. New England Journal of Medicine, 375(21), 2060-2066. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1608085

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abstract = "Options for people with severe paralysis who have lost the ability to communicate orally are limited. We describe a method for communication in a patient with late-stage amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), involving a fully implanted brain-computer interface that consists of subdural electrodes placed over the motor cortex and a transmitter placed subcutaneously in the left side of the thorax. By attempting to move the hand on the side opposite the implanted electrodes, the patient accurately and independently controlled a computer typing program 28 weeks after electrode placement, at the equivalent of two letters per minute. The brain-computer interface offered autonomous communication that supplemented and at times supplanted the patient's eye-tracking device.",

author = "Vansteensel, {Mariska J.} and Pels, {Elmar G M} and Bleichner, {Martin G.} and Branco, {Mariana P.} and Timothy Denison and Freudenburg, {Zachary V.} and Peter Gosselaar and Sacha Leinders and Ottens, {Thomas H.} and {Van Den Boom}, {Max A.} and {Van Rijen}, {Peter C.} and Aarnoutse, {Erik J.} and Ramsey, {Nick F.}",

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AU - Pels, Elmar G M

AU - Bleichner, Martin G.

AU - Branco, Mariana P.

AU - Denison, Timothy

AU - Freudenburg, Zachary V.

AU - Gosselaar, Peter

AU - Leinders, Sacha

AU - Ottens, Thomas H.

AU - Van Den Boom, Max A.

AU - Van Rijen, Peter C.

AU - Aarnoutse, Erik J.

AU - Ramsey, Nick F.

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AB - Options for people with severe paralysis who have lost the ability to communicate orally are limited. We describe a method for communication in a patient with late-stage amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), involving a fully implanted brain-computer interface that consists of subdural electrodes placed over the motor cortex and a transmitter placed subcutaneously in the left side of the thorax. By attempting to move the hand on the side opposite the implanted electrodes, the patient accurately and independently controlled a computer typing program 28 weeks after electrode placement, at the equivalent of two letters per minute. The brain-computer interface offered autonomous communication that supplemented and at times supplanted the patient's eye-tracking device.

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Fully implanted brain-computer interface in a locked-in patient with ALS

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