From novel discovery tools and biomarkers to precision medicine-basic cardiovascular science highlights of 2021/22

Paul C. Evans, Sean M. Davidson, Johann Wojta, Magnus Bäck, Sveva Bollini, Mairi Brittan, Alberico L. Catapano, Bill Chaudhry, Matthijs Cluitmans, Massimiliano Gnecchi, Tomasz J. Guzik, Imo Hoefer, Rosalinda Madonna, João P. Monteiro, Henning Morawietz, Elena Osto, Teresa Padró, Judith C. Sluimer, Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti, Kim Van der HeidenGemma Vilahur, Johannes Waltenberger, Christian Weber

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

Abstract

Here, we review the highlights of cardiovascular basic science published in 2021 and early 2022 on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology Council for Basic Cardiovascular Science. We begin with non-coding RNAs which have emerged as central regulators cardiovascular biology, and then discuss how technological developments in single-cell 'omics are providing new insights into cardiovascular development, inflammation, and disease. We also review recent discoveries on the biology of extracellular vesicles in driving either protective or pathogenic responses. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021 recognized the importance of the molecular basis of mechanosensing and here we review breakthroughs in cardiovascular sensing of mechanical force. We also summarize discoveries in the field of atherosclerosis including the role of clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential, and new mechanisms of crosstalk between hyperglycaemia, lipid mediators, and inflammation. The past 12 months also witnessed major advances in the field of cardiac arrhythmia including new mechanisms of fibrillation. We also focus on inducible pluripotent stem cell technology which has demonstrated disease causality for several genetic polymorphisms in long-QT syndrome and aortic valve disease, paving the way for personalized medicine approaches. Finally, the cardiovascular community has continued to better understand COVID-19 with significant advancement in our knowledge of cardiovascular tropism, molecular markers, the mechanism of vaccine-induced thrombotic complications and new anti-viral therapies that protect the cardiovascular system.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)2754-2767
Number of pages14
JournalCardiovascular research
Volume118
Issue number13
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 21 Oct 2022

Keywords

  • Biomarkers
  • Cardiology
  • Precision medicine
  • Vascular

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