TY - JOUR
T1 - Exposure to Road, Railway, and Aircraft Noise and Arterial Stiffness in the SAPALDIA Study: Annual Average Noise Levels and Temporal Noise Characteristics
AU - Foraster, M.
AU - Eze, I. C.
AU - Schaffner, E.
AU - Vienneau, D.
AU - Heritier, H.
AU - Endes, S.
AU - Rudzik, F.
AU - Thiesse, L.
AU - Pieren, R.
AU - Schindler, C.
AU - Schmidt-Trucksass, A.
AU - Brink, M.
AU - Cajochen, C.
AU - Marc Wunderli, J.
AU - Roosli, M.
AU - Probst-Hensch, N.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017, Public Health Services, US Dept of Health and Human Services. All rights reserved.
PY - 2017
Y1 - 2017
N2 - BACKGROUND: The impact of different transportation noise sources and noise environments on arterial stiffness remains unknown. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the association between residential outdoor exposure to annual average road, railway, and aircraft noise levels, total noise intermittency (IR), and total number of noise events (NE) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) following a cross-sectional design. METHODS: We measured baPWV (meters/second) in 2,775 participants (49–81 y old) at the second follow-up (2010–2011) of the Swiss Cohort Study on Air Pollution and Lung and Heart Diseases in Adults (SAPALDIA). We assigned annual average road, railway, and aircraft noise levels (Ldensource), total day- and nighttime NEtime and IRtime (percent fluctuation = 0%, none or constant noise; percent fluctuation = 100%, high fluctuation) at the most exposed façade using 2011 Swiss noise models. We applied multivariable linear mixed regression models to analyze associations. RESULTS: Medians [interquartile ranges (IQRs)] were baPWV = 13:4 (3.1) m/s; Ldenair (57:6% exposed) =32:8 (8.0) dB; Ldenrail (44:6% exposed) =30:0 (8.1) dB; Ldenroad (99.7% exposed): 54.2 (10.6) dB; NEnight = 123 (179); NEday = 433 (870); IRnight =73% (27); and IRday =63:8% (40.3). We observed a 0.87% (95% CI: 0.31, 1.43%) increase in baPWV per IQR of Ldenrail, which was greater with IRnight >80% or with daytime sleepiness. We observed a nonsignificant positive association between Ldenroad and baPWV in urban areas and a negative tendency in rural areas. NEnight, but not NEday, was associated with baPWV. Associations were independent of the other noise sources and air pollution. Conclusions: Long-term exposure to railway noise, particularly in an intermittent nighttime noise environment, and to nighttime noise events, mainly related to road noise, may affect arterial stiffness, a major determinant of cardiovascular disease. Ascertaining noise exposure characteristics beyond average noise levels may be relevant to better understand noise-related health effects.
AB - BACKGROUND: The impact of different transportation noise sources and noise environments on arterial stiffness remains unknown. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the association between residential outdoor exposure to annual average road, railway, and aircraft noise levels, total noise intermittency (IR), and total number of noise events (NE) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) following a cross-sectional design. METHODS: We measured baPWV (meters/second) in 2,775 participants (49–81 y old) at the second follow-up (2010–2011) of the Swiss Cohort Study on Air Pollution and Lung and Heart Diseases in Adults (SAPALDIA). We assigned annual average road, railway, and aircraft noise levels (Ldensource), total day- and nighttime NEtime and IRtime (percent fluctuation = 0%, none or constant noise; percent fluctuation = 100%, high fluctuation) at the most exposed façade using 2011 Swiss noise models. We applied multivariable linear mixed regression models to analyze associations. RESULTS: Medians [interquartile ranges (IQRs)] were baPWV = 13:4 (3.1) m/s; Ldenair (57:6% exposed) =32:8 (8.0) dB; Ldenrail (44:6% exposed) =30:0 (8.1) dB; Ldenroad (99.7% exposed): 54.2 (10.6) dB; NEnight = 123 (179); NEday = 433 (870); IRnight =73% (27); and IRday =63:8% (40.3). We observed a 0.87% (95% CI: 0.31, 1.43%) increase in baPWV per IQR of Ldenrail, which was greater with IRnight >80% or with daytime sleepiness. We observed a nonsignificant positive association between Ldenroad and baPWV in urban areas and a negative tendency in rural areas. NEnight, but not NEday, was associated with baPWV. Associations were independent of the other noise sources and air pollution. Conclusions: Long-term exposure to railway noise, particularly in an intermittent nighttime noise environment, and to nighttime noise events, mainly related to road noise, may affect arterial stiffness, a major determinant of cardiovascular disease. Ascertaining noise exposure characteristics beyond average noise levels may be relevant to better understand noise-related health effects.
U2 - 10.1289/ehp1136
DO - 10.1289/ehp1136
M3 - Article
SN - 0091-6765
VL - 125
JO - Environmental Health Perspectives
JF - Environmental Health Perspectives
IS - 9
M1 - 097004
ER -