TY - JOUR
T1 - Exploring the Modulatory Effect of High-Fat Nutrition on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Vagotomized Rats and the Role of the Vagus Nerve
AU - Seesing, Maarten F J
AU - Janssen, Henricus J B
AU - Geraedts, Tessa C M
AU - Weijs, Teus J
AU - van Ark, Ingrid
AU - Leusink-Muis, Thea
AU - Folkerts, Gert
AU - Garssen, Johan
AU - Ruurda, Jelle P
AU - Nieuwenhuijzen, Grard A P
AU - van Hillegersberg, Richard
AU - Luyer, Misha D P
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was funded by Utrecht University and Danone Nutricia Research & Innovation. There was no official grant.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 by the authors.
PY - 2023/5/16
Y1 - 2023/5/16
N2 - During esophagectomy, the vagus nerve is transected, which may add to the development of postoperative complications. The vagus nerve has been shown to attenuate inflammation and can be activated by a high-fat nutrition via the release of acetylcholine. This binds to α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7nAChR) and inhibits α7nAChR-expressing inflammatory cells. This study investigates the role of the vagus nerve and the effect of high-fat nutrition on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury in rats. Firstly, 48 rats were randomized in 4 groups as follows: sham (sparing vagus nerve), abdominal (selective) vagotomy, cervical vagotomy and cervical vagotomy with an α7nAChR-agonist. Secondly, 24 rats were randomized in 3 groups as follows: sham, sham with an α7nAChR-antagonist and cervical vagotomy with an α7nAChR-antagonist. Finally, 24 rats were randomized in 3 groups as follows: fasting, high-fat nutrition before sham and high-fat nutrition before selective vagotomy. Abdominal (selective) vagotomy did not impact histopathological lung injury (LIS) compared with the control (sham) group (
p > 0.999). There was a trend in aggravation of LIS after cervical vagotomy (
p = 0.051), even after an α7nAChR-agonist (
p = 0.090). Cervical vagotomy with an α7nAChR-antagonist aggravated lung injury (
p = 0.004). Furthermore, cervical vagotomy increased macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and negatively impacted pulmonary function. Other inflammatory cells, TNF-α and IL-6, in the BALF and serum were unaffected. High-fat nutrition reduced LIS after sham (
p = 0.012) and selective vagotomy (
p = 0.002) compared to fasting. vagotomy. This study underlines the role of the vagus nerve in lung injury and shows that vagus nerve stimulation using high-fat nutrition is effective in reducing lung injury, even after selective vagotomy.
AB - During esophagectomy, the vagus nerve is transected, which may add to the development of postoperative complications. The vagus nerve has been shown to attenuate inflammation and can be activated by a high-fat nutrition via the release of acetylcholine. This binds to α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7nAChR) and inhibits α7nAChR-expressing inflammatory cells. This study investigates the role of the vagus nerve and the effect of high-fat nutrition on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury in rats. Firstly, 48 rats were randomized in 4 groups as follows: sham (sparing vagus nerve), abdominal (selective) vagotomy, cervical vagotomy and cervical vagotomy with an α7nAChR-agonist. Secondly, 24 rats were randomized in 3 groups as follows: sham, sham with an α7nAChR-antagonist and cervical vagotomy with an α7nAChR-antagonist. Finally, 24 rats were randomized in 3 groups as follows: fasting, high-fat nutrition before sham and high-fat nutrition before selective vagotomy. Abdominal (selective) vagotomy did not impact histopathological lung injury (LIS) compared with the control (sham) group (
p > 0.999). There was a trend in aggravation of LIS after cervical vagotomy (
p = 0.051), even after an α7nAChR-agonist (
p = 0.090). Cervical vagotomy with an α7nAChR-antagonist aggravated lung injury (
p = 0.004). Furthermore, cervical vagotomy increased macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and negatively impacted pulmonary function. Other inflammatory cells, TNF-α and IL-6, in the BALF and serum were unaffected. High-fat nutrition reduced LIS after sham (
p = 0.012) and selective vagotomy (
p = 0.002) compared to fasting. vagotomy. This study underlines the role of the vagus nerve in lung injury and shows that vagus nerve stimulation using high-fat nutrition is effective in reducing lung injury, even after selective vagotomy.
KW - Acute Lung Injury/metabolism
KW - Animals
KW - Lipopolysaccharides/metabolism
KW - Rats
KW - Vagotomy
KW - Vagus Nerve/metabolism
KW - alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor/metabolism
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85160304427&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/nu15102327
DO - 10.3390/nu15102327
M3 - Article
C2 - 37242210
SN - 2072-6643
VL - 15
JO - Nutrients
JF - Nutrients
IS - 10
M1 - 2327
ER -