TY - JOUR
T1 - Evidence for interaction between genetic liability and childhood trauma in the development of psychotic symptoms
AU - Pinckaers, Florentina M.E.
AU - Rotee, Iris L.M.
AU - Nwosu, C. Vicky
AU - Krolinski, Pauline
AU - Smeets, Antonius P.W.
AU - Gülöksüz, Sinan
AU - de Jong, Lea
AU - Vaessen, Thomas S.J.
AU - Damen, Thomas
AU - Uittenboogaard, Aniek
AU - Schäfer, Annika T.
AU - Menne-Lothmann, Claudia
AU - Decoster, Jeroen
AU - van Winkel, Ruud
AU - Collip, Dina
AU - Delespaul, Philippe
AU - De Hert, Marc
AU - Derom, Catherine
AU - Thiery, Evert
AU - Jacobs, Nele
AU - Wichers, Marieke
AU - Rutten, Bart P.F.
AU - van Os, Jim
AU - Drukker, Marjan
PY - 2019/9/1
Y1 - 2019/9/1
N2 - Purpose: Whilst childhood trauma (CT) is a known risk factor across the spectrum of psychosis expression, little is known about possible interplay with genetic liability. Methods: The TwinssCan Study collected data in general population twins, focussing on expression of psychosis at the level of subthreshold psychotic experiences. A multilevel mixed-effects linear regression analysis was performed including 745 subjects to assess the interaction between genetic liability and CT. The Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90-R) score of the co-twin was used as an indirect measure of genetic liability to psychopathology, while the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short-Form (CTQ-SF) was used to assess CT in the domains of physical, emotional and sexual abuse, as well as physical and emotional neglect. The Community Assessment of Psychic Experience (CAPE) questionnaire was used to phenotypically characterize psychosis expression. Results: In the model using the CAPE total score, the interaction between CT and genetic liability was close to statistical significance (χ2 = 5.6, df = 2, p = 0.06). Analyses of CAPE subscales revealed a significant interaction between CT and genetic liability (χ2 = 8.8, df = 2, p = 0.012) for the CAPE-negative symptoms subscale, but not for the other two subscales (i.e. positive and depressive). Conclusion: The results suggest that the impact of CT on subthreshold expression of psychosis, particularly in the negative subdomain, may be larger in the co-presence of significant genetic liability for psychopathology.
AB - Purpose: Whilst childhood trauma (CT) is a known risk factor across the spectrum of psychosis expression, little is known about possible interplay with genetic liability. Methods: The TwinssCan Study collected data in general population twins, focussing on expression of psychosis at the level of subthreshold psychotic experiences. A multilevel mixed-effects linear regression analysis was performed including 745 subjects to assess the interaction between genetic liability and CT. The Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90-R) score of the co-twin was used as an indirect measure of genetic liability to psychopathology, while the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short-Form (CTQ-SF) was used to assess CT in the domains of physical, emotional and sexual abuse, as well as physical and emotional neglect. The Community Assessment of Psychic Experience (CAPE) questionnaire was used to phenotypically characterize psychosis expression. Results: In the model using the CAPE total score, the interaction between CT and genetic liability was close to statistical significance (χ2 = 5.6, df = 2, p = 0.06). Analyses of CAPE subscales revealed a significant interaction between CT and genetic liability (χ2 = 8.8, df = 2, p = 0.012) for the CAPE-negative symptoms subscale, but not for the other two subscales (i.e. positive and depressive). Conclusion: The results suggest that the impact of CT on subthreshold expression of psychosis, particularly in the negative subdomain, may be larger in the co-presence of significant genetic liability for psychopathology.
KW - Childhood trauma
KW - General population
KW - Genetic liability
KW - Gene–environment interaction
KW - Psychotic symptoms
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85067974683&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00127-019-01711-z
DO - 10.1007/s00127-019-01711-z
M3 - Article
C2 - 31209522
SN - 0933-7954
VL - 54
SP - 1045
EP - 1054
JO - Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology
JF - Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology
IS - 9
ER -