TY - JOUR
T1 - Electrocardiogram Devices for Home Use
T2 - Technological and Clinical Scoping Review
AU - Zepeda-Echavarria, Alejandra
AU - de van Leur, Rutger R.van
AU - van Sleuwen, Meike
AU - Hassink, Rutger J.
AU - Wildbergh, Thierry X.
AU - Doevendans, Pieter A.
AU - Jaspers, Joris
AU - van Es, René
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was funded by ZonMw Innovative Medical Devices Initiative-Dutch CardioVascular Alliance—Heart for Sustainable Care (104021004) and the Dutch Heart Foundation (2019B011).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS. All rights reserved.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Background: Electrocardiograms (ECGs) are used by physicians to record, monitor, and diagnose the electrical activity of the heart. Recent technological advances have allowed ECG devices to move out of the clinic and into the home environment. There is a great variety of mobile ECG devices with the capabilities to be used in home environments. Objective: This scoping review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of mobile ECG devices, including the technology used, intended clinical use, and available clinical evidence. Methods: We conducted a scoping review to identify studies concerning mobile ECG devices in the electronic database PubMed. Secondarily, an internet search was performed to identify other ECG devices available in the market. We summarized the devices' technical information and usability characteristics based on manufacturer data such as datasheets and user manuals. For each device, we searched for clinical evidence on the capabilities to record heart disorders by performing individual searches in PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov, as well as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 510(k) Premarket Notification and De Novo databases. Results: From the PubMed database and internet search, we identified 58 ECG devices with available manufacturer information. Technical characteristics such as shape, number of electrodes, and signal processing influence the capabilities of the devices to record cardiac disorders. Of the 58 devices, only 26 (45%) had clinical evidence available regarding their ability to detect heart disorders such as rhythm disorders, more specifically atrial fibrillation. Conclusions: ECG devices available in the market are mainly intended to be used for the detection of arrhythmias. No devices are intended to be used for the detection of other cardiac disorders. Technical and design characteristics influence the intended use of the devices and use environments. For mobile ECG devices to be intended to detect other cardiac disorders, challenges regarding signal processing and sensor characteristics should be solved to increase their detection capabilities. Devices recently released include the use of other sensors on ECG devices to increase their detection capabilities.
AB - Background: Electrocardiograms (ECGs) are used by physicians to record, monitor, and diagnose the electrical activity of the heart. Recent technological advances have allowed ECG devices to move out of the clinic and into the home environment. There is a great variety of mobile ECG devices with the capabilities to be used in home environments. Objective: This scoping review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of mobile ECG devices, including the technology used, intended clinical use, and available clinical evidence. Methods: We conducted a scoping review to identify studies concerning mobile ECG devices in the electronic database PubMed. Secondarily, an internet search was performed to identify other ECG devices available in the market. We summarized the devices' technical information and usability characteristics based on manufacturer data such as datasheets and user manuals. For each device, we searched for clinical evidence on the capabilities to record heart disorders by performing individual searches in PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov, as well as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 510(k) Premarket Notification and De Novo databases. Results: From the PubMed database and internet search, we identified 58 ECG devices with available manufacturer information. Technical characteristics such as shape, number of electrodes, and signal processing influence the capabilities of the devices to record cardiac disorders. Of the 58 devices, only 26 (45%) had clinical evidence available regarding their ability to detect heart disorders such as rhythm disorders, more specifically atrial fibrillation. Conclusions: ECG devices available in the market are mainly intended to be used for the detection of arrhythmias. No devices are intended to be used for the detection of other cardiac disorders. Technical and design characteristics influence the intended use of the devices and use environments. For mobile ECG devices to be intended to detect other cardiac disorders, challenges regarding signal processing and sensor characteristics should be solved to increase their detection capabilities. Devices recently released include the use of other sensors on ECG devices to increase their detection capabilities.
KW - ECG clinical validation
KW - ECG technical characteristics
KW - electrocardiogram
KW - home use ECG
KW - medical devices
KW - mobile ECG
KW - wearables
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85165952456&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2196/44003
DO - 10.2196/44003
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85165952456
VL - 7
JO - JMIR Cardio
JF - JMIR Cardio
M1 - e44003
ER -