@article{bc9c4de333c14ca9b8b871fc4ee291b7,
title = "DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha and TET methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 restrain mitochondrial DNA-mediated interferon signaling in macrophages",
abstract = "Deleterious somatic mutations in DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha (DNMT3A) and TET mehtylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2) are associated with clonal expansion of hematopoietic cells and higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Here, we investigated roles of DNMT3A and TET2 in normal human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM), in MDM isolated from individuals with DNMT3A or TET2 mutations, and in macrophages isolated from human atherosclerotic plaques. We found that loss of function of DNMT3A or TET2 resulted in a type I interferon response due to impaired mitochondrial DNA integrity and activation of cGAS signaling. DNMT3A and TET2 normally maintained mitochondrial DNA integrity by regulating the expression of transcription factor A mitochondria (TFAM) dependent on their interactions with RBPJ and ZNF143 at regulatory regions of the TFAM gene. These findings suggest that targeting the cGAS-type I IFN pathway may have therapeutic value in reducing risk of CVD in patients with DNMT3A or TET2 mutations.",
keywords = "Cardiovascular Diseases, DNA Methyltransferase 3A, DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics, DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics, Dioxygenases/genetics, Humans, Interferons/metabolism, Macrophages/metabolism, Mitochondria/genetics, Mutation/genetics, Nucleotidyltransferases/metabolism, Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics, Trans-Activators/metabolism, atherosclerosis, clonal hematopoiesis, transcriptional regulation, DNMT3A, TET2, mitochondria DNA, interferon, TFAM",
author = "Isidoro Cobo and Tanaka, {Tiffany N} and {Chandra Mangalhara}, Kailash and Addison Lana and Calvin Yeang and Claudia Han and Johannes Schlachetzki and Jean Challcombe and Fixsen, {Bethany R} and Mashito Sakai and Li, {Rick Z} and Hannah Fields and Michal Mokry and Tsai, {Randy G} and Rafael Bejar and Koen Prange and {de Winther}, Menno and Shadel, {Gerald S} and Glass, {Christopher K}",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by a Leducq Transatlantic Network Grant 16CVD01 (C.K.G., M.d.W.), NIH P01 HL147835 (C.K.G.), EMBO ALTF 960-2018 (IC), R0 AR069876 , and the Audrey Geisel Chair in Biomedical Sciences (G.S.S.), Salkexcellerators Postdoctoral Fellowship (K.C.M.), ZonMW 09120011910025 (M.d.W.), the National Headache Foundation (GENIUSII and 2019B016 to M.d.W.), NS047101 (Confocal Microscopy Core), 1KL2TR001444 (T.N.T.).We acknowledge P.M., B.F., C.N., M.H., S.D., Y.A., G.S., J.S., T.P., H.B., J.S., donors from the San Diego Blood Bank, and from the Normal Blood Program of Scripps for having provided blood. We also acknowledge Jana Collier and Martina Pasillas for technical assistance; Ali Shilatifard for providing the TET2 antibody used for ChIP-seq; the electron microscopy core at the School of Medicine at the Univeristy of California, San Diego; the Microscopy Unit Core at the School of Medicine; Laura Antonucci, Elsa Lopez (Michael Karin{\textquoteright}s Laboratory, UCSD) for help in doing confocal imaging of MDM; and to LVA for essential drafting of figures. Funding Information: This work was supported by a Leducq Transatlantic Network Grant 16CVD01(C.K.G. M.d.W.), NIH P01 HL147835 (C.K.G.), EMBO ALTF 960-2018 (IC), R0 AR069876, and the Audrey Geisel Chair in Biomedical Sciences (G.S.S.), Salkexcellerators Postdoctoral Fellowship (K.C.M.), ZonMW 09120011910025 (M.d.W.), the National Headache Foundation (GENIUSII and 2019B016 to M.d.W.), NS047101 (Confocal Microscopy Core), 1KL2TR001444 (T.N.T.).We acknowledge P.M. B.F. C.N. M.H. S.D. Y.A. G.S. J.S. T.P. H.B. J.S. donors from the San Diego Blood Bank, and from the Normal Blood Program of Scripps for having provided blood. We also acknowledge Jana Collier and Martina Pasillas for technical assistance; Ali Shilatifard for providing the TET2 antibody used for ChIP-seq; the electron microscopy core at the School of Medicine at the Univeristy of California, San Diego; the Microscopy Unit Core at the School of Medicine; Laura Antonucci, Elsa Lopez (Michael Karin's Laboratory, UCSD) for help in doing confocal imaging of MDM; and to LVA for essential drafting of figures. Conceptualization: I.C. K.C.M. G.S.S. C.K.G.; data curation: I.C. J.C. K.P. M.M.; formal analyses: I.C. J.C. K.P.; funding acquisition: I.C. T.N.T. C.Y. R.B. C.K.G.; investigation: I.C. A.L. C.H. B.R.F. J.S. T.N.T. C.Y.; methodology: I.C. A.L. C.H. J.S. T.N.T. R.G.T. M.M.; supervision: C.K.G.; visualization: I.C. C.K.G.; writing: I.C. K.C.M. G.S.S. C.K.G.; review & editing: I.C. K.C.M. G.S.S. T.N.T. C.Y. J.S. R.B. B.R.F. M.d.W. K.P. C.H. C.K.G. C.K.G. is a cofounder and member of the scientific advisory board of Asteroid Therapeutics. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Elsevier Inc.",
year = "2022",
month = aug,
day = "9",
doi = "10.1016/j.immuni.2022.06.022",
language = "English",
volume = "55",
pages = "1386--1401.e10",
journal = "Immunity",
issn = "1074-7613",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "8",
}