Abstract
This study examined cross-sectionally the association of dietary β-carotene, vitamin C, and vitamin E with peripheral arterial disease in Rotterdam, the Netherlands (1990-1993). The 4,367 subjects from the Rotterdam Study were aged 55-94 years and had no previous cardiovascular disease at baseline. Diet was assessed with a food frequency questionnaire. Peripheral arterial disease was defined as an ankle-arm systolic blood pressure index (AAI) of ≤0.9 and was present in 204 men and 370 women. In multivariate-adjusted logistic regression analyses, vitamin C intake was significantly inversely associated with peripheral arterial disease in women (highest vs. lowest quartile: relative risk = 0.64, 95% confidence interval (Cl): 0.48, 0.89; ptrend = 0.006), and a 100-mg increase in intake was associated with a 0.013 AAI increase (95% Cl: 0.001, 0.025). In men, vitamin E intake was inversely associated with peripheral arterial disease (relative risk = 0.67, 95% Cl: 0.44, 1.03; ptrend = 0.067); a 10-mg increase in intake was associated with a 0.015 AAI increase (95% Cl: 0.001, 0.031). Whether these differences in antioxidant intake and the risk of a low AAI and of peripheral arterial disease between sexes are attributable to a different food pattern for men compared with women remains to be elucidated.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 145-149 |
Number of pages | 5 |
Journal | American Journal of Epidemiology |
Volume | 154 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 15 Jul 2001 |
Keywords
- antioxidants
- arterial occlusive diseases
- ascorbic acid
- beta carotene
- cardiovascular diseases
- cross-sectional studies
- diet
- vitamin E
- CORONARY HEART-DISEASE
- FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE
- VITAMIN-E CONSUMPTION
- BLOOD-PRESSURE INDEX
- GENERAL-POPULATION
- EDINBURGH-ARTERY
- BETA-CAROTENE
- RISK
- ATHEROSCLEROSIS
- MORTALITY