Designing TCR for cancer immunotherapy.

Reprogramming T-cell populations by T-cell receptor (TCR) gene transfer is a new therapeutic tool for adoptive tumor immunotherapy. Gene transfer of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-transgenic mice-derived TCR into human T-cells allows the circumvention of tolerance to tumor-associated (self) antigens (TAA). This chapter reports on the identification of the alpha and beta chains of the heterodimeric TCR derived from a mouse T-cell clone. The related DNA fragments are inserted into a retroviral vector for heterologous expression of the TAA-specific TCR in human T-cells. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based cloning protocols are provided for the tailor-made customization of murine TCR. We describe the humanization and chimerization of such TCR as well as their expression in human T-cells.