Cryptococcal meningitis due to Cryptococcus neoformans genotype AFLP1/VNI in Iran: a review of the literature

Hamid Badali; Shahriar Alian; Hamed Fakhim; Mahsa Falahatinejad; Ali Moradi; Mehrnaz Mohammad Davoudi; Ferry Hagen; Jacques F Meis

doi:10.1111/myc.12415

Cryptococcal meningitis due to Cryptococcus neoformans genotype AFLP1/VNI in Iran: a review of the literature

Hamid Badali
, Shahriar Alian
, Hamed Fakhim
, Mahsa Falahatinejad
, Ali Moradi
, Mehrnaz Mohammad Davoudi
, Ferry Hagen
, Jacques F Meis^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

Abstract

Cryptococcal meningitis is the most important opportunistic fungal infection with a high mortality in HIV-patients in less developed regions. Here, we report a case of cryptococcal meningitis in a 49-year-old HIV-positive female due to Cryptococcus neoformans (serotype A, mating-type alpha, genotype AFLP1/VNI) in Sari, Iran. In vitro antifungal susceptibility tests showed MICs of isavuconazole (0.016 μg ml(-1) ), voriconazole (0.031 μg ml(-1) ), posaconazole (0.031 μg ml(-1) ), itraconazole (0.063 μg ml(-1) ), amphotericin B (0.125 μg ml(-1) ) and fluconazole (8 μg ml(-1) ). Despite immediate antifungal therapy, the patient died 4 days later due to respiratory failure. Cryptococcal infections have been infrequently reported from Iran and therefore we analysed all published cases of cryptococcosis in Iran since the first reported case from 1969.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	689-93
Number of pages	5
Journal	Mycoses
Volume	58
Issue number	12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/myc.12415
Publication status	Published - Dec 2015
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis
Adolescent
Adult
Antifungal Agents/pharmacology
Child
Cryptococcus neoformans/classification
Drug Resistance, Fungal
Fatal Outcome
Female
Genotype
Humans
Iran/epidemiology
Male
Meningitis, Cryptococcal/diagnosis
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Middle Aged
Mycological Typing Techniques
Respiratory Insufficiency/microbiology
Young Adult

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10.1111/myc.12415

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title = "Cryptococcal meningitis due to Cryptococcus neoformans genotype AFLP1/VNI in Iran: a review of the literature",

abstract = "Cryptococcal meningitis is the most important opportunistic fungal infection with a high mortality in HIV-patients in less developed regions. Here, we report a case of cryptococcal meningitis in a 49-year-old HIV-positive female due to Cryptococcus neoformans (serotype A, mating-type alpha, genotype AFLP1/VNI) in Sari, Iran. In vitro antifungal susceptibility tests showed MICs of isavuconazole (0.016 μg ml(-1) ), voriconazole (0.031 μg ml(-1) ), posaconazole (0.031 μg ml(-1) ), itraconazole (0.063 μg ml(-1) ), amphotericin B (0.125 μg ml(-1) ) and fluconazole (8 μg ml(-1) ). Despite immediate antifungal therapy, the patient died 4 days later due to respiratory failure. Cryptococcal infections have been infrequently reported from Iran and therefore we analysed all published cases of cryptococcosis in Iran since the first reported case from 1969.",

keywords = "AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis, Adolescent, Adult, Antifungal Agents/pharmacology, Child, Cryptococcus neoformans/classification, Drug Resistance, Fungal, Fatal Outcome, Female, Genotype, Humans, Iran/epidemiology, Male, Meningitis, Cryptococcal/diagnosis, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Middle Aged, Mycological Typing Techniques, Respiratory Insufficiency/microbiology, Young Adult",

author = "Hamid Badali and Shahriar Alian and Hamed Fakhim and Mahsa Falahatinejad and Ali Moradi and \{Mohammad Davoudi\}, Mehrnaz and Ferry Hagen and Meis, \{Jacques F\}",

note = "{\textcopyright} 2015 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.",

year = "2015",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1111/myc.12415",

language = "English",

volume = "58",

pages = "689--93",

journal = "Mycoses",

issn = "0933-7407",

publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd",

number = "12",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Cryptococcal meningitis due to Cryptococcus neoformans genotype AFLP1/VNI in Iran

T2 - a review of the literature

AU - Badali, Hamid

AU - Alian, Shahriar

AU - Fakhim, Hamed

AU - Falahatinejad, Mahsa

AU - Moradi, Ali

AU - Mohammad Davoudi, Mehrnaz

AU - Hagen, Ferry

AU - Meis, Jacques F

PY - 2015/12

Y1 - 2015/12

N2 - Cryptococcal meningitis is the most important opportunistic fungal infection with a high mortality in HIV-patients in less developed regions. Here, we report a case of cryptococcal meningitis in a 49-year-old HIV-positive female due to Cryptococcus neoformans (serotype A, mating-type alpha, genotype AFLP1/VNI) in Sari, Iran. In vitro antifungal susceptibility tests showed MICs of isavuconazole (0.016 μg ml(-1) ), voriconazole (0.031 μg ml(-1) ), posaconazole (0.031 μg ml(-1) ), itraconazole (0.063 μg ml(-1) ), amphotericin B (0.125 μg ml(-1) ) and fluconazole (8 μg ml(-1) ). Despite immediate antifungal therapy, the patient died 4 days later due to respiratory failure. Cryptococcal infections have been infrequently reported from Iran and therefore we analysed all published cases of cryptococcosis in Iran since the first reported case from 1969.

AB - Cryptococcal meningitis is the most important opportunistic fungal infection with a high mortality in HIV-patients in less developed regions. Here, we report a case of cryptococcal meningitis in a 49-year-old HIV-positive female due to Cryptococcus neoformans (serotype A, mating-type alpha, genotype AFLP1/VNI) in Sari, Iran. In vitro antifungal susceptibility tests showed MICs of isavuconazole (0.016 μg ml(-1) ), voriconazole (0.031 μg ml(-1) ), posaconazole (0.031 μg ml(-1) ), itraconazole (0.063 μg ml(-1) ), amphotericin B (0.125 μg ml(-1) ) and fluconazole (8 μg ml(-1) ). Despite immediate antifungal therapy, the patient died 4 days later due to respiratory failure. Cryptococcal infections have been infrequently reported from Iran and therefore we analysed all published cases of cryptococcosis in Iran since the first reported case from 1969.

KW - AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis

KW - Adolescent

KW - Adult

KW - Antifungal Agents/pharmacology

KW - Child

KW - Cryptococcus neoformans/classification

KW - Drug Resistance, Fungal

KW - Fatal Outcome

KW - Female

KW - Genotype

KW - Humans

KW - Iran/epidemiology

KW - Male

KW - Meningitis, Cryptococcal/diagnosis

KW - Microbial Sensitivity Tests

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Mycological Typing Techniques

KW - Respiratory Insufficiency/microbiology

KW - Young Adult

U2 - 10.1111/myc.12415

DO - 10.1111/myc.12415

M3 - Review article

C2 - 26444438

SN - 0933-7407

VL - 58

SP - 689

EP - 693

JO - Mycoses

JF - Mycoses

IS - 12

ER -

Cryptococcal meningitis due to Cryptococcus neoformans genotype AFLP1/VNI in Iran: a review of the literature

Abstract

Keywords

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