TY - JOUR
T1 - Cognition and violent behavior in psychotic disorders
T2 - A nationwide case-control study
AU - Lamsma, Jelle
AU - Cahn, Wiepke
AU - Fazel, Seena
N1 - Funding Information:
The GROUP project was supported by the Geestkracht program of The Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (grant number 10-000-1001 ) and matching funds from the coordinating university medical centers (i.e. Academic Medical Center, Maastricht University Medical Center+, University Medical Center Groningen and University Medical Center Utrecht), their affiliated mental health care institutions (i.e. Altrecht, Arkin, Delta, Dimence, Dijk en Duin, Erasmus University Medical Center, GGNet, GGZ Breburg, GGZ Centraal, GGZ Drenthe, GGZ Eindhoven en De Kempen, GGZ Friesland, GGZ inGeest, Mondriaan, GGZ Noord-Holland-Noord, GGZ Oost-Brabant, GGZ Overpelt, GGZ Rivierduinen, Lentis, Mediant GGZ, Met GGZ, Parnassia Psycho-Medical Center, Psychiatric Center Ziekeren, Psychiatric Hospital Sancta Maria, Public Center for Mental Health Rekem, The Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, Vincent van Gogh voor Geestelijke Gezondheid, Virenze riagg, University Psychiatric Center Sint Jozef, Yulius, and Zuyderland GGZ) and participating pharmaceutical companies (i.e. Lundbeck, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly and Janssen Cilag). JL received funding from the Prins Bernhard Cultuurfonds and Dr. Hendrik Muller Fonds . SF was funded by a Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellowship in Clinical Science ( 202836/Z/16/Z ). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript.
Funding Information:
The GROUP project was supported by the Geestkracht program of The Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (grant number 10-000-1001) and matching funds from the coordinating university medical centers (i.e. Academic Medical Center, Maastricht University Medical Center+, University Medical Center Groningen and University Medical Center Utrecht), their affiliated mental health care institutions (i.e. Altrecht, Arkin, Delta, Dimence, Dijk en Duin, Erasmus University Medical Center, GGNet, GGZ Breburg, GGZ Centraal, GGZ Drenthe, GGZ Eindhoven en De Kempen, GGZ Friesland, GGZ inGeest, Mondriaan, GGZ Noord-Holland-Noord, GGZ Oost-Brabant, GGZ Overpelt, GGZ Rivierduinen, Lentis, Mediant GGZ, Met GGZ, Parnassia Psycho-Medical Center, Psychiatric Center Ziekeren, Psychiatric Hospital Sancta Maria, Public Center for Mental Health Rekem, The Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, Vincent van Gogh voor Geestelijke Gezondheid, Virenze riagg, University Psychiatric Center Sint Jozef, Yulius, and Zuyderland GGZ) and participating pharmaceutical companies (i.e. Lundbeck, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly and Janssen Cilag). JL received funding from the Prins Bernhard Cultuurfonds and Dr. Hendrik Muller Fonds. SF was funded by a Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellowship in Clinical Science (202836/Z/16/Z). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 The Authors
PY - 2020/3
Y1 - 2020/3
N2 - Background: The excess risk of violence in psychotic disorders may partly be explained by impairments in executive functions (EFs) and theory of mind (ToM). However, previous studies have been limited by composite measures of EFs and small samples of inpatients. Methods: Data were collected for the research project Genetic Risk and Outcome of Psychosis (GROUP). Patients with psychotic disorders (N = 891) were recruited from various care settings in the Netherlands. The following neuropsychological tests were administered (targeted cognitive function in parentheses): (i) Continuous Performance Test-HQ (inhibition); (ii) Response Shifting Task (cognitive flexibility); (iii) Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Third Edition (WAIS-III) Block Design subtest (fluid intelligence); (iv) Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (NAB) Mazes Test (planning); (v) Degraded Facial Affect Recognition Task (affective ToM); and (vi) Hinting Task (cognitive ToM). Lifetime violence was ascertained from medical records and patient interviews. We used analysis of covariance to compare the mean scores of violent and nonviolent patients on each test, adjusting for age and sex. Results: Violent patients performed significantly worse than nonviolent patients on the WAIS-III Block Design subtest (F [1, 847] = 5.12, p =.024), NAB Mazes Test (F [1, 499] = 5.32, p =.022) and Hinting Task (F [1, 839] = 9.38, p =.002). For the other tests, the between-group differences were nonsignificant. Violent behavior explained no more than 1% of the variance in performance on each test. Conclusion: Impairments in EFs and ToM are unlikely to provide useful targets for risk assessment and interventions.
AB - Background: The excess risk of violence in psychotic disorders may partly be explained by impairments in executive functions (EFs) and theory of mind (ToM). However, previous studies have been limited by composite measures of EFs and small samples of inpatients. Methods: Data were collected for the research project Genetic Risk and Outcome of Psychosis (GROUP). Patients with psychotic disorders (N = 891) were recruited from various care settings in the Netherlands. The following neuropsychological tests were administered (targeted cognitive function in parentheses): (i) Continuous Performance Test-HQ (inhibition); (ii) Response Shifting Task (cognitive flexibility); (iii) Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Third Edition (WAIS-III) Block Design subtest (fluid intelligence); (iv) Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (NAB) Mazes Test (planning); (v) Degraded Facial Affect Recognition Task (affective ToM); and (vi) Hinting Task (cognitive ToM). Lifetime violence was ascertained from medical records and patient interviews. We used analysis of covariance to compare the mean scores of violent and nonviolent patients on each test, adjusting for age and sex. Results: Violent patients performed significantly worse than nonviolent patients on the WAIS-III Block Design subtest (F [1, 847] = 5.12, p =.024), NAB Mazes Test (F [1, 499] = 5.32, p =.022) and Hinting Task (F [1, 839] = 9.38, p =.002). For the other tests, the between-group differences were nonsignificant. Violent behavior explained no more than 1% of the variance in performance on each test. Conclusion: Impairments in EFs and ToM are unlikely to provide useful targets for risk assessment and interventions.
KW - Aggression
KW - Executive functions
KW - Psychosis
KW - Schizophrenia
KW - Theory of mind
KW - Violence
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85074506044&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.scog.2019.100166
DO - 10.1016/j.scog.2019.100166
M3 - Article
C2 - 31832346
AN - SCOPUS:85074506044
SN - 2215-0013
VL - 19
SP - 1
EP - 6
JO - Schizophrenia Research: Cognition
JF - Schizophrenia Research: Cognition
M1 - 100166
ER -