Child maltreatment, migration and risk of first-episode psychosis: results from the multinational EU-GEI study

Giuseppe D'Andrea; Jatin Lal; Sarah Tosato; Charlotte Gayer-Anderson; Hannah E Jongsma; Simona A Stilo; Els van der Ven; Diego Quattrone; Eva Velthorst; Domenico Berardi; Paulo Rossi Menezes; Celso Arango; Mara Parellada; Antonio Lasalvia; Caterina La Cascia; Laura Ferraro; Daniele La Barbera; Lucia Sideli; Julio Bobes; Miguel Bernardo; Julio Sanjuán; Jose Luis Santos; Manuel Arrojo; Cristina Marta Del-Ben; Giada Tripoli; Pierre-Michel Llorca; Lieuwe de Haan; Jean-Paul Selten; Andrea Tortelli; Andrei Szöke; Roberto Muratori; Bart P Rutten; Jim van Os; Peter B Jones; James B Kirkbride; Robin M Murray; Marta di Forti; Ilaria Tarricone; Craig Morgan

doi:10.1017/S003329172200335X

Child maltreatment, migration and risk of first-episode psychosis: results from the multinational EU-GEI study

Giuseppe D'Andrea, Jatin Lal, Sarah Tosato, Charlotte Gayer-Anderson, Hannah E Jongsma, Simona A Stilo, Els van der Ven, Diego Quattrone, Eva Velthorst, Domenico Berardi, Paulo Rossi Menezes, Celso Arango, Mara Parellada, Antonio Lasalvia, Caterina La Cascia, Laura Ferraro, Daniele La Barbera, Lucia Sideli, Julio Bobes, Miguel BernardoJulio Sanjuán, Jose Luis Santos, Manuel Arrojo, Cristina Marta Del-Ben, Giada Tripoli, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Lieuwe de Haan, Jean-Paul Selten, Andrea Tortelli, Andrei Szöke, Roberto Muratori, Bart P Rutten, Jim van Os, Peter B Jones, James B Kirkbride, Robin M Murray, Marta di Forti, Ilaria Tarricone, Craig Morgan

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Child maltreatment (CM) and migrant status are independently associated with psychosis. We examined prevalence of CM by migrant status and tested whether migrant status moderated the association between CM and first-episode psychosis (FEP). We further explored whether differences in CM exposure contributed to variations in the incidence rates of FEP by migrant status.

METHODS: We included FEP patients aged 18-64 years in 14 European sites and recruited controls representative of the local populations. Migrant status was operationalized according to generation (first/further) and region of origin (Western/non-Western countries). The reference population was composed by individuals of host country's ethnicity. CM was assessed with Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Prevalence ratios of CM were estimated using Poisson regression. We examined the moderation effect of migrant status on the odds of FEP by CM fitting adjusted logistic regressions with interaction terms. Finally, we calculated the population attributable fractions (PAFs) for CM by migrant status.

RESULTS: We examined 849 FEP cases and 1142 controls. CM prevalence was higher among migrants, their descendants and migrants of non-Western heritage. Migrant status, classified by generation (likelihood test ratio:χ 2 = 11.3, p = 0.004) or by region of origin (likelihood test ratio:χ 2 = 11.4, p = 0.003), attenuated the association between CM and FEP. PAFs for CM were higher among all migrant groups compared with the reference populations.

CONCLUSIONS: The higher exposure to CM, despite a smaller effect on the odds of FEP, accounted for a greater proportion of incident FEP cases among migrants. Policies aimed at reducing CM should consider the increased vulnerability of specific subpopulations.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	6150-6160
Number of pages	11
Journal	Psychological medicine
Volume	53
Issue number	13
Early online date	28 Oct 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329172200335X
Publication status	Published - 28 Oct 2023

Keywords

Child adversity
childhood trauma
first-episode psychosis
migrants

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D'Andrea, G., Lal, J., Tosato, S., Gayer-Anderson, C., Jongsma, H. E., Stilo, S. A., van der Ven, E., Quattrone, D., Velthorst, E., Berardi, D., Rossi Menezes, P., Arango, C., Parellada, M., Lasalvia, A., La Cascia, C., Ferraro, L., La Barbera, D., Sideli, L., Bobes, J., ... Morgan, C. (2023). Child maltreatment, migration and risk of first-episode psychosis: results from the multinational EU-GEI study. Psychological medicine, 53(13), 6150-6160. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329172200335X

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title = "Child maltreatment, migration and risk of first-episode psychosis: results from the multinational EU-GEI study",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: Child maltreatment (CM) and migrant status are independently associated with psychosis. We examined prevalence of CM by migrant status and tested whether migrant status moderated the association between CM and first-episode psychosis (FEP). We further explored whether differences in CM exposure contributed to variations in the incidence rates of FEP by migrant status.METHODS: We included FEP patients aged 18-64 years in 14 European sites and recruited controls representative of the local populations. Migrant status was operationalized according to generation (first/further) and region of origin (Western/non-Western countries). The reference population was composed by individuals of host country's ethnicity. CM was assessed with Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Prevalence ratios of CM were estimated using Poisson regression. We examined the moderation effect of migrant status on the odds of FEP by CM fitting adjusted logistic regressions with interaction terms. Finally, we calculated the population attributable fractions (PAFs) for CM by migrant status.RESULTS: We examined 849 FEP cases and 1142 controls. CM prevalence was higher among migrants, their descendants and migrants of non-Western heritage. Migrant status, classified by generation (likelihood test ratio:χ 2 = 11.3, p = 0.004) or by region of origin (likelihood test ratio:χ 2 = 11.4, p = 0.003), attenuated the association between CM and FEP. PAFs for CM were higher among all migrant groups compared with the reference populations. CONCLUSIONS: The higher exposure to CM, despite a smaller effect on the odds of FEP, accounted for a greater proportion of incident FEP cases among migrants. Policies aimed at reducing CM should consider the increased vulnerability of specific subpopulations.",

keywords = "Child adversity, childhood trauma, first-episode psychosis, migrants",

author = "Giuseppe D'Andrea and Jatin Lal and Sarah Tosato and Charlotte Gayer-Anderson and Jongsma, {Hannah E} and Stilo, {Simona A} and {van der Ven}, Els and Diego Quattrone and Eva Velthorst and Domenico Berardi and {Rossi Menezes}, Paulo and Celso Arango and Mara Parellada and Antonio Lasalvia and {La Cascia}, Caterina and Laura Ferraro and {La Barbera}, Daniele and Lucia Sideli and Julio Bobes and Miguel Bernardo and Julio Sanju{\'a}n and Santos, {Jose Luis} and Manuel Arrojo and Del-Ben, {Cristina Marta} and Giada Tripoli and Pierre-Michel Llorca and {de Haan}, Lieuwe and Jean-Paul Selten and Andrea Tortelli and Andrei Sz{\"o}ke and Roberto Muratori and Rutten, {Bart P} and {van Os}, Jim and Jones, {Peter B} and Kirkbride, {James B} and Murray, {Robin M} and {di Forti}, Marta and Ilaria Tarricone and Craig Morgan",

note = "Funding Information: The EU-GEI Project was funded by grant agreement Health-F2-2010-241909 from the European Community's Seventh Framework program. The Brazilian study was funded by grant 2012-0417-0 from the S{\~a}o Paulo Research Foundation. Publisher Copyright: Copyright {\textcopyright} The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press.",

year = "2023",

month = oct,

day = "28",

doi = "10.1017/S003329172200335X",

language = "English",

volume = "53",

pages = "6150--6160",

journal = "Psychological medicine",

issn = "0033-2917",

publisher = "Cambridge University Press",

number = "13",

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D'Andrea, G, Lal, J, Tosato, S, Gayer-Anderson, C, Jongsma, HE, Stilo, SA, van der Ven, E, Quattrone, D, Velthorst, E, Berardi, D, Rossi Menezes, P, Arango, C, Parellada, M, Lasalvia, A, La Cascia, C, Ferraro, L, La Barbera, D, Sideli, L, Bobes, J, Bernardo, M, Sanjuán, J, Santos, JL, Arrojo, M, Del-Ben, CM, Tripoli, G, Llorca, P-M, de Haan, L, Selten, J-P, Tortelli, A, Szöke, A, Muratori, R, Rutten, BP, van Os, J, Jones, PB, Kirkbride, JB, Murray, RM, di Forti, M, Tarricone, I & Morgan, C 2023, 'Child maltreatment, migration and risk of first-episode psychosis: results from the multinational EU-GEI study', Psychological medicine, vol. 53, no. 13, pp. 6150-6160. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329172200335X

TY - JOUR

T1 - Child maltreatment, migration and risk of first-episode psychosis

T2 - results from the multinational EU-GEI study

AU - D'Andrea, Giuseppe

AU - Lal, Jatin

AU - Tosato, Sarah

AU - Gayer-Anderson, Charlotte

AU - Jongsma, Hannah E

AU - Stilo, Simona A

AU - van der Ven, Els

AU - Quattrone, Diego

AU - Velthorst, Eva

AU - Berardi, Domenico

AU - Rossi Menezes, Paulo

AU - Arango, Celso

AU - Parellada, Mara

AU - Lasalvia, Antonio

AU - La Cascia, Caterina

AU - Ferraro, Laura

AU - La Barbera, Daniele

AU - Sideli, Lucia

AU - Bobes, Julio

AU - Bernardo, Miguel

AU - Sanjuán, Julio

AU - Santos, Jose Luis

AU - Arrojo, Manuel

AU - Del-Ben, Cristina Marta

AU - Tripoli, Giada

AU - Llorca, Pierre-Michel

AU - de Haan, Lieuwe

AU - Selten, Jean-Paul

AU - Tortelli, Andrea

AU - Szöke, Andrei

AU - Muratori, Roberto

AU - Rutten, Bart P

AU - van Os, Jim

AU - Jones, Peter B

AU - Kirkbride, James B

AU - Murray, Robin M

AU - di Forti, Marta

AU - Tarricone, Ilaria

AU - Morgan, Craig

N1 - Funding Information: The EU-GEI Project was funded by grant agreement Health-F2-2010-241909 from the European Community's Seventh Framework program. The Brazilian study was funded by grant 2012-0417-0 from the São Paulo Research Foundation. Publisher Copyright: Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press.

PY - 2023/10/28

Y1 - 2023/10/28

N2 - BACKGROUND: Child maltreatment (CM) and migrant status are independently associated with psychosis. We examined prevalence of CM by migrant status and tested whether migrant status moderated the association between CM and first-episode psychosis (FEP). We further explored whether differences in CM exposure contributed to variations in the incidence rates of FEP by migrant status.METHODS: We included FEP patients aged 18-64 years in 14 European sites and recruited controls representative of the local populations. Migrant status was operationalized according to generation (first/further) and region of origin (Western/non-Western countries). The reference population was composed by individuals of host country's ethnicity. CM was assessed with Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Prevalence ratios of CM were estimated using Poisson regression. We examined the moderation effect of migrant status on the odds of FEP by CM fitting adjusted logistic regressions with interaction terms. Finally, we calculated the population attributable fractions (PAFs) for CM by migrant status.RESULTS: We examined 849 FEP cases and 1142 controls. CM prevalence was higher among migrants, their descendants and migrants of non-Western heritage. Migrant status, classified by generation (likelihood test ratio:χ 2 = 11.3, p = 0.004) or by region of origin (likelihood test ratio:χ 2 = 11.4, p = 0.003), attenuated the association between CM and FEP. PAFs for CM were higher among all migrant groups compared with the reference populations. CONCLUSIONS: The higher exposure to CM, despite a smaller effect on the odds of FEP, accounted for a greater proportion of incident FEP cases among migrants. Policies aimed at reducing CM should consider the increased vulnerability of specific subpopulations.

AB - BACKGROUND: Child maltreatment (CM) and migrant status are independently associated with psychosis. We examined prevalence of CM by migrant status and tested whether migrant status moderated the association between CM and first-episode psychosis (FEP). We further explored whether differences in CM exposure contributed to variations in the incidence rates of FEP by migrant status.METHODS: We included FEP patients aged 18-64 years in 14 European sites and recruited controls representative of the local populations. Migrant status was operationalized according to generation (first/further) and region of origin (Western/non-Western countries). The reference population was composed by individuals of host country's ethnicity. CM was assessed with Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Prevalence ratios of CM were estimated using Poisson regression. We examined the moderation effect of migrant status on the odds of FEP by CM fitting adjusted logistic regressions with interaction terms. Finally, we calculated the population attributable fractions (PAFs) for CM by migrant status.RESULTS: We examined 849 FEP cases and 1142 controls. CM prevalence was higher among migrants, their descendants and migrants of non-Western heritage. Migrant status, classified by generation (likelihood test ratio:χ 2 = 11.3, p = 0.004) or by region of origin (likelihood test ratio:χ 2 = 11.4, p = 0.003), attenuated the association between CM and FEP. PAFs for CM were higher among all migrant groups compared with the reference populations. CONCLUSIONS: The higher exposure to CM, despite a smaller effect on the odds of FEP, accounted for a greater proportion of incident FEP cases among migrants. Policies aimed at reducing CM should consider the increased vulnerability of specific subpopulations.

KW - Child adversity

KW - childhood trauma

KW - first-episode psychosis

KW - migrants

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85172425173&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1017/S003329172200335X

DO - 10.1017/S003329172200335X

M3 - Article

C2 - 36305570

SN - 0033-2917

VL - 53

SP - 6150

EP - 6160

JO - Psychological medicine

JF - Psychological medicine

IS - 13

ER -

Child maltreatment, migration and risk of first-episode psychosis: results from the multinational EU-GEI study

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