TY - JOUR
T1 - Categorical and dimensional psychopathology in Dutch and US offspring of parents with bipolar disorder: A preliminary cross-national comparison
T2 - A preliminary cross-national comparison
AU - Mesman, Esther
AU - Birmaher, Boris B
AU - Goldstein, Benjamin I
AU - Goldstein, Tina
AU - Derks, Eske M
AU - Vleeschouwer, Marloes
AU - Hickey, Mary Beth
AU - Axelson, David
AU - Monk, Kelly
AU - Diler, Rasim
AU - Hafeman, Danella
AU - Sakolsky, Dara J
AU - Reichart, Catrien G
AU - Wals, Marjolein
AU - Verhulst, Frank C
AU - Nolen, Willem A
AU - Hillegers, Manon H J
N1 - Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
PY - 2016/11/15
Y1 - 2016/11/15
N2 - OBJECTIVE: Accumulating evidence suggests cross-national differences in adults with bipolar disorder (BD), but also in the susceptibility of their offspring (bipolar offspring). This study aims to explore and clarify cross-national variation in the prevalence of categorical and dimensional psychopathology between bipolar offspring in the US and The Netherlands.METHODS: We compared levels of psychopathology in offspring of the Pittsburgh Bipolar Offspring Study (n=224) and the Dutch Bipolar Offspring Study (n=136) (age 10-18). Categorical psychopathology was ascertained through interviews using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children (K-SADS-PL), dimensional psychopathology by parental reports using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL).RESULTS: Higher rates of categorical psychopathology were observed in the US versus the Dutch samples (66% versus 44%). We found no differences in the overall prevalence of mood disorders, including BD-I or -II, but more comorbidity in mood disorders in US versus Dutch offspring (80% versus 34%). The strongest predictors of categorical psychopathology were maternal BD (OR: 1.72, p<.05), older age of the offspring (OR: 1.19, p<.05), and country of origin (US; OR: 2.17, p<.001). Regarding comorbidity, only country of origin (OR: 7.84, p<.001) was a significant predictor. In general, we found no differences in dimensional psychopathology based on CBCL reports.LIMITATIONS: Preliminary measure of inter-site reliability.CONCLUSIONS: We found cross-national differences in prevalence of categorical diagnoses of non-mood disorders in bipolar offspring, but not in mood disorder diagnoses nor in parent-reported dimensional psychopathology. Cross-national variation was only partially explained by between-sample differences. Cultural and methodological explanations for these findings warrant further study.
AB - OBJECTIVE: Accumulating evidence suggests cross-national differences in adults with bipolar disorder (BD), but also in the susceptibility of their offspring (bipolar offspring). This study aims to explore and clarify cross-national variation in the prevalence of categorical and dimensional psychopathology between bipolar offspring in the US and The Netherlands.METHODS: We compared levels of psychopathology in offspring of the Pittsburgh Bipolar Offspring Study (n=224) and the Dutch Bipolar Offspring Study (n=136) (age 10-18). Categorical psychopathology was ascertained through interviews using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children (K-SADS-PL), dimensional psychopathology by parental reports using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL).RESULTS: Higher rates of categorical psychopathology were observed in the US versus the Dutch samples (66% versus 44%). We found no differences in the overall prevalence of mood disorders, including BD-I or -II, but more comorbidity in mood disorders in US versus Dutch offspring (80% versus 34%). The strongest predictors of categorical psychopathology were maternal BD (OR: 1.72, p<.05), older age of the offspring (OR: 1.19, p<.05), and country of origin (US; OR: 2.17, p<.001). Regarding comorbidity, only country of origin (OR: 7.84, p<.001) was a significant predictor. In general, we found no differences in dimensional psychopathology based on CBCL reports.LIMITATIONS: Preliminary measure of inter-site reliability.CONCLUSIONS: We found cross-national differences in prevalence of categorical diagnoses of non-mood disorders in bipolar offspring, but not in mood disorder diagnoses nor in parent-reported dimensional psychopathology. Cross-national variation was only partially explained by between-sample differences. Cultural and methodological explanations for these findings warrant further study.
KW - Bipolar offspring
KW - High risk
KW - Cross-national
KW - Bipolar disorder
KW - Mood disorder
KW - Child Behavior Checklist
U2 - 10.1016/j.jad.2016.06.011
DO - 10.1016/j.jad.2016.06.011
M3 - Article
C2 - 27423424
SN - 0165-0327
VL - 205
SP - 95
EP - 102
JO - Journal of Affective Disorders
JF - Journal of Affective Disorders
ER -