Case report. Verdenking bilaterale testistumor blijkt polyarteritis nodosa

Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a rare vasculitis affecting medium and small arteries. It typically involves multiple organ systems such as peripheral nerves, skin, the gastrointestinal system, muscles, and kidneys. However, PAN can be limited to a single organ system. We present the case of a 32-year-old man with left-sided scrotalgia and bilateral testicular lesions on ultrasound. Tumor markers were not elevated. Bilateral radical inguinal orchidectomy was performed. Histopathological examination revealed no malignancy but PAN. The incidence of PAN is only 1–8 cases per million individuals in Europe, but it is still crucial to include benign disorders in the differential diagnosis, especially in bilateral testicular abnormalities. First unilateral or partial orchidectomy should be considered due to the rarity of bilateral testicular tumors and the importance of preserving fertility.