TY - JOUR
T1 - Buckwheat and Cardiometabolic Health
T2 - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
AU - Llanaj, Erand
AU - Ahanchi, Noushin Sadat
AU - Dizdari, Helga
AU - Taneri, Petek Eylul
AU - Niehot, Christa D.
AU - Wehrli, Faina
AU - Khatami, Farnaz
AU - Raeisi-Dehkordi, Hamidreza
AU - Kastrati, Lum
AU - Bano, Arjola
AU - Glisic, Marija
AU - Muka, Taulant
N1 - Funding Information:
H.R.-D. has received funding for his doctoral studies by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF IZSTZ0_190277). The APC was funded by Standard Process Inc.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors.
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - Buckwheat (BW) is suggested to have beneficial effects, but evidence on how it affects cardiometabolic health (CMH) is not yet established. We aimed to assess the effects of BW and/or its related bioactive compounds on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk markers in adults. Five databases were searched for eligible studies. Observational prospective studies, nonrandomized or randomized trials were considered if they assessed BW, rutin or quercetin-3-glucoside intake and CVD risk markers. We adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for reporting. We selected 16 human studies based on 831 subjects with mild metabolic disturbances, such as hypercholesterolemia, diabetes and/or overweight. Eight studies, investigating primarily grain components, were included in the meta-analyses (n = 464). High study heterogeneity was present across most of our analyses. Weighted mean difference (WMD) for subjects receiving BW supplementation, compared to controls, were − 0.14 mmol/L (95% CI: −0.30; 0.02) for total cholesterol (TC), −0.03 mmol/L (95% CI: −0.22; 0.16) for LDL cholesterol, −0.14 kg (95% CI: −1.50; 1.22) for body weight, −0.04 mmol/L (95% CI: − 0.09;0.02) for HDL cholesterol, −0.02 mmol/L (95% CI: −0.15; 0.11) for triglycerides and −0.18 mmol/L (95% CI: −0.36; 0.003) for glucose. Most of the studies (66.7%) had concerns of risk of bias. Studies investigating other CVD markers were scarce and with inconsistent findings, where available. Evidence on how BW affects CMH is limited. However, the available literature indicates that BW supplementation in mild dyslipidaemia and type 2 diabetes may provide some benefit in lowering TC and glucose, albeit non-significant. Our work highlights the need for more rigorous trials, with better methodological rigor to clarify remaining uncertainties on potential effects of BW on CMH and its utility in clinical nutrition practice.
AB - Buckwheat (BW) is suggested to have beneficial effects, but evidence on how it affects cardiometabolic health (CMH) is not yet established. We aimed to assess the effects of BW and/or its related bioactive compounds on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk markers in adults. Five databases were searched for eligible studies. Observational prospective studies, nonrandomized or randomized trials were considered if they assessed BW, rutin or quercetin-3-glucoside intake and CVD risk markers. We adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for reporting. We selected 16 human studies based on 831 subjects with mild metabolic disturbances, such as hypercholesterolemia, diabetes and/or overweight. Eight studies, investigating primarily grain components, were included in the meta-analyses (n = 464). High study heterogeneity was present across most of our analyses. Weighted mean difference (WMD) for subjects receiving BW supplementation, compared to controls, were − 0.14 mmol/L (95% CI: −0.30; 0.02) for total cholesterol (TC), −0.03 mmol/L (95% CI: −0.22; 0.16) for LDL cholesterol, −0.14 kg (95% CI: −1.50; 1.22) for body weight, −0.04 mmol/L (95% CI: − 0.09;0.02) for HDL cholesterol, −0.02 mmol/L (95% CI: −0.15; 0.11) for triglycerides and −0.18 mmol/L (95% CI: −0.36; 0.003) for glucose. Most of the studies (66.7%) had concerns of risk of bias. Studies investigating other CVD markers were scarce and with inconsistent findings, where available. Evidence on how BW affects CMH is limited. However, the available literature indicates that BW supplementation in mild dyslipidaemia and type 2 diabetes may provide some benefit in lowering TC and glucose, albeit non-significant. Our work highlights the need for more rigorous trials, with better methodological rigor to clarify remaining uncertainties on potential effects of BW on CMH and its utility in clinical nutrition practice.
KW - buckwheat
KW - cardiometabolic health
KW - cardiovascular diseases
KW - diet
KW - fagopyrum
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85144728705&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/jpm12121940
DO - 10.3390/jpm12121940
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85144728705
SN - 2075-4426
VL - 12
JO - Journal of Personalized Medicine
JF - Journal of Personalized Medicine
IS - 12
M1 - 1940
ER -