Abstract
BACKGROUND: Identification of basic prognostic indicators of HIV infection is essential before widespread antiretroviral therapy can be implemented in low-technology settings. This study assessed how well body mass index (BMI:kg/m2) predicts survival.
METHODS: BMI within 3 months of HIV diagnosis was obtained from 1657 patients aged > or = 15 years, recruited in a seroprevalent clinical cohort in The Gambia since 1992 and followed up at least once. Baseline CD4+ counts and clinical assessment at time of diagnosis were done.
RESULTS: The mortality hazard ratio (HR) of those with a baseline BMI <18 compared with those with a baseline BMI > or = 18 was 3.4 (95% CI, 3.0-3.9). The median survival time of those presenting with a BMI <16 was 0.8 years, in contrast to a median survival of 8.9 years for those with a baseline BMI > or = 22. Baseline BMI <18 remained a highly significant independent predictor of mortality after adjustment for age, sex, co-trimoxazole prophylaxis, tuberculosis, reported wasting at diagnosis, and baseline CD4+ cell count (adjusted HR = 2.5, 95% CI 2.0-3.0). Sensitivity and specificity of baseline BMI <18 was comparable to that of a CD4+ count <200 in predicting mortality within 6 months of diagnosis.
DISCUSSION: BMI at diagnosis is a strong, independent predictor of survival in HIV-infected patients in West Africa. In the absence of sophisticated clinical and laboratory support, BMI may also prove a useful guide for deciding when to initiate antiretroviral therapy.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 1288-94 |
Number of pages | 7 |
Journal | Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes |
Volume | 37 |
Issue number | 2 |
Publication status | Published - 2004 |
Keywords
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Body Mass Index
- CD4 Lymphocyte Count
- Cohort Studies
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- HIV Infections
- HIV Seropositivity
- HIV-1
- HIV-2
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Predictive Value of Tests
- Survival Analysis
- Journal Article
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't