Bleeding in Patients Undergoing Transfemoral Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Incidence, Trends, Clinical Outcomes, and Predictors

Astrid C. van Nieuwkerk, Hugo M. Aarts, Kimberley I. Hemelrijk, Tomás Cantón, Didier Tchétché, Fabio S. de Brito, Marco Barbanti, Ran Kornowski, Azeem Latib, Augusto D'Onofrio, Flavio Ribichini, Nicolas Maneiro Melón, Nicolas Dumonteil, Alexandre Abizaid, Samantha Sartori, Paola D'Errigo, Giuseppe Tarantini, Margherita Fabroni, Katia Orvin, Matteo PagnesiManuel Vicaino Arellano, George Dangas, Roxana Mehran, Michiel Voskuil, Ronak Delewi*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

Background: Bleeding is one of the most frequent complications in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Importantly, major bleeding is associated with poor clinical outcomes after TAVR. However, large studies on bleeding complications in the contemporary TAVR population are limited. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the incidence, temporal trends, clinical outcomes, and predictors of bleeding in patients undergoing transfemoral TAVR. Methods: The CENTER2 study is a pooled patient-level database from 10 clinical studies including patients who underwent TAVR between 2007 and 2022. Results: A total of 23,562 patients underwent transfemoral TAVR. The mean age was 81.5 ± 6.7 years, and 56% were women. Major bleeding within the first 30 days was observed in 1,545 patients (6.6%). Minor bleeding was reported in 1,143 patients (4.7%). Rates of major bleeding decreased from 11.5% in 2007-2010 to 5.5% in 2019-2022 (Ptrend < 0.001). Dual antiplatelet therapy was associated with higher major bleeding rates compared with single antiplatelet therapy (12.2% vs 9.1%; OR: 1.40; 95% CI: 1.13-1.72; P = 0.002). Patients with major bleeding had increased mortality risk during the first 30 days (14.1% vs 4.3%; OR: 3.66; 95% CI: 3.11-4.31; P < 0.001) and during 1-year follow-up (27.8% vs 14.5%; HR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.41-1.59; P < 0.001). Minor bleeding did not affect 1-year mortality risk (16.7% vs 14.5%; HR: 1.11; 95% CI: 0.93-1.32; P = 0.27). Predictors of major bleeding were female sex and peripheral vascular disease. Conclusions: Bleeding complications remain frequent and important in patients undergoing transfemoral TAVR. Increased mortality risk in major bleeding persists after the initial 30 days.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)2951-2962
Number of pages12
JournalJACC: Cardiovascular Interventions
Volume16
Issue number24
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 25 Dec 2023

Keywords

  • aortic valve stenosis
  • bleeding
  • mortality
  • transcatheter aortic valve replacement

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