@article{c723c6c362654d7b84c542a91c06f6ed,
title = "Benign Peripheral Non-cranial Nerve Sheath Tumors of the Neck",
abstract = "Benign peripheral non-cranial nerve sheath tumors are rare lesions, including both schwannomas and neurofibromas. These tumors arise from Schwann cells, and may originate from any peripheral, cranial, or autonomic nerve. Most of them are localized and sporadic but multifocal systemic forms can occur. Cervical sympathetic chain, brachial plexus, cervical plexus and spinal roots and nerves are the major nerve systems commonly affected. Dumbbell-shaped intra- and extradural tumors occur most commonly in the cervical spine, as well as purely extradural and paravertebral tumors. The management of these tumors has improved greatly owing to the developments in imaging techniques and surgical innovations such as endoscopically assisted approaches and robotic surgery. Microsurgical intracapsular excision of the tumor helped by the use of intraoperative fluorescent dyes and intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring minimize postoperative neural deficit, since most schwannomas are encapsulated. Most tumors can be removed with a low rate of complications and recurrence. Radiotherapy should be considered for growing lesions that are not amenable to surgery. In asymptomatic patients, observation and serial scans is an option for elderly infirm patients.",
keywords = "Brachial plexus, Neurofibroma, Non-cranial nerves, Schwannoma, Spinal nerves, Sympathetic chain",
author = "Carlos Su{\'a}rez and Fernando L{\'o}pez and Rodrigo, \{Juan P.\} and Mendenhall, \{William M.\} and \{de Bree\}, Remco and M{\"a}kitie, \{Antti A.\} and \{Vander Poorten\}, Vincent and Takes, \{Robert P.\} and Stefano Bondi and Kowalski, \{Luiz P.\} and Shaha, \{Ashok R.\} and Veronica Fern{\'a}ndez-Alvarez and Guti{\'e}rrez, \{Julio C.\} and Nina Zidar and Carlos Chiesa-Estomba and Primoz Strojan and Alvaro Sanabria and Alessandra Rinaldo and Alfio Ferlito",
note = "Funding Information: No funding or sponsorship was received for this study or publication of this manuscript. All named authors meet the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) criteria for authorship for this article, take responsibility for the integrity of the work as a whole, and have given their approval for this version to be published. Carlos Su{\'a}rez performed the literature review and drafted the manuscript. Fernando L{\'o}pez, Juan P Rodrigo, William M Mendenhall, Remco de Bree, Antti A Makitie and Vincent Vander Poorten were involved in manuscript preparation, concept and design and in critically revising it. Robert P Takes, Stefano Bondi, Luiz P Kowalski, Ashok R Shaha, Veronica Fern{\'a}ndez-Alvarez, Julio C Guti{\'e}rrez, Nina Zidar, Carlos Chiesa-Estomba, Primoz Strojan, Alvaro Sanabria, Alessandra Rinaldo and Alfio Ferlito provided critical comments on drafts. All authors approved the final version. Carlos Su{\'a}rez, Fernando L{\'o}pez, Juan P Rodrigo, William M Mendenhall, Remco de Bree, Antti A Makitie, Vincent Vander Poorten, Robert P Takes, Stefano Bondi, Luiz P Kowalski, Ashok R Shaha, Veronica Fern{\'a}ndez-Alvarez, Julio C Guti{\'e}rrez, Nina Zidar, Carlos Chiesa-Estomba, Primoz Strojan, Alvaro Sanabria, Alessandra Rinaldo and Alfio Ferlito declare that they have no conflict of interest. This article is based on previously conducted studies and does not contain any new studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors. Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Healthcare Ltd., part of Springer Nature.",
year = "2022",
month = aug,
doi = "10.1007/s12325-022-02191-5",
language = "English",
volume = "39",
pages = "3449--3471",
journal = "Advances in Therapy",
issn = "0741-238X",
publisher = "Adis",
number = "8",
}